“疯狂”不是理性之丧失--论黑格尔人类学中自然与精神的关系

"Madness"is not the Loss of Reason:On the Relationship Between Nature and Spirit of Hegel's Anthropology

黑格尔人类学的对象是灵魂,整个人类学要考察的是灵魂从原始的自然状态摆脱自然性自我的过程。“疯狂”是有理性的意识“下沉”到感觉生命的“病态”之极端,即朝着精神的“自然性”下沉。“疯狂”不是理性之丧失,即不是理性的绝对他者,而是理性的特殊形式,更准确地说,是理性的错乱与矛盾。这体现出“精神”与“自然”之间的复杂关系——“精神”在试图摆脱“自然”的过程中,又无可避免地面临着沉入“自然”的可能性。

The object of Hegel's anthropology is the soul,and the whole anthropology examines the process of the soul getting rid of its natural self from its original natural state."Madness"is the extreme sickness of"sinking"of understanding consciousness to the feeling soul,that is,sinking toward the"naturalness"of spirit."Madness"is not the loss of reason that is,it is not the absolute other of reason,but a special form of reason,more precisely,it is confusion and contradiction in reason."Madness"reflects the complex relationship between"spirit"and"nature"in the process of trying to get rid of"nature","spirit"inevitably faces the possibility of sinking into"nature".