基于数值模拟对隧道钻孔粉尘的通风控制研究

Ventilation control of tunnel drilling dust based on numerical simulation

为控制长距离独头隧道掘进过程中台车区气腿凿岩机产生的粉尘污染,采用Fluent软件建立了工作面全尺寸几何模型,对隧道钻孔通风除尘参数进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明,采用常规通风方式,很难控制掌子面粉尘污染,钻孔粉尘遍布在距掌子面10 m范围内;引入长压短抽式通风方案,当压风量与排风量之比为0.72,压风机高度设为2.5 m,压风机距掌心面20 m,排风机距掌面12 m时,对掌子面工作时的粉尘浓度控制效率提高约60%。因此,在类似长距离的独头隧道施工中,宜采用长压短抽及排风风机配合的除尘方式,以保证良好的工作环境。

In order to control the dust pollution produced by air leg rock drill in the trolley area during the excavation of long-distance single ended tunnel,the full-scale physical model of working face was established by using FLUENT software,and the numerical simulation analysis of tunnel drilling ventilation and dust removal parameters was carried out.The results show that it is difficult to control the dust pollution of the face by conventional ventilation,and the drilling dust is distributed in the range of 10 m from the face;after the introduction of the long pressure and short suction ventilation scheme,when the ratio of compressed air volume to exhaust air volume is 0.72,the height of the pressure fan is 2.5 m,the distance between the pressure fan and the palm face is 20 m,and the exhaust fan is 12 m away from the palm,the dust concentration control efficiency of the working face is increased by about 60%.Therefore,in the similar long-distance single head tunnel construction,it is appropriate to adopt the dust removal method of long-distance short suction and exhaust fan to ensure the working environment.