城镇化背景下农民工家庭代际关系及影响因素:基于性别与代次的分析

A Study of Migrant Worker’Intergenerational Relation and Influencing Factors Under the Background of Urbanization:Based on an Analysis of the Gender and Generation Differences

在快速城镇化背景下,中国农民工家庭的代际关系也处在不断变迁中。本文利用2018年“百村调查”数据,使用潜在类别分析方法,发现农民工家庭存在紧密型、传统型、接受型、亲近型和疏离型等五种代际关系类型,传统农村家庭代际关系已经衍生发展出多种类型。其中,男性农民工更容易与父母产生紧密型或接受型关系,女性农民工更可能与父母有亲近型、传统型、疏离型关系;而新一代农民工更容易与父母产生紧密型、接受型、亲近型关系,老一代农民工更可能与父母有传统型或疏离型关系。同时,人口流动特征对农民工家庭代际关系的影响存在性别与代次差异,异地流动的男性农民工和新一代农民工与父母形成疏离型关系的可能性较低,但对女性农民工和老一代农民工的疏离型家庭代际关系具有显著正向影响。

Intergenerational relations of migrant workers in China are changing within the context of rapid Urbanization.Based on the data from“Hundreds of Village Survey”in 2018,and the approach of latent class analysis,we identified five types of relations:(1)tight-knit,(2)traditional,(3)receivers,(4)emotional-close,and(5)detached.This reflects the diversity of migrant workers’relations with their parents.Among them,male migrant workers are more likely to have tight-knit or receivers relationship with their parents,while female migrant workers are more likely to have emotional-close,traditional and detached relationship with their parents.And the new-generation migrant workers are more likely to have tight-knit,receivers and emotional-close relationship with their parents,and the old-generation migrant workers are more likely to have traditional or detached relationship with their parents.Male migrant workers and the new-generation migrant workers with long-distance mobility are less likely to form detached relationship with their parents,but long-distance mobility have a significant positive impact on the detached intergenerational relationship between female migrant workers and the old-generation migrant workers.