学校治理模式的国际经验及其启示——基于新公共治理理论的比较分析

International Experience and Enlightenment of School Governance Model——Comparative Analysis Based on the New Public Gover-nance Theory

学校治理对教育治理体系的臻善和学校发展的完满具有关键意义。依据新公共治理理论,国外的学校治理模式可以被划分为网络化治理模式、分布化治理模式、准市场化治理模式和管制化治理模式。通过对四种模式的比较分析,发现国外学校治理正在不断的调和中走向现代化,其中治理逻辑在计划与市场间趋于中和,突显出公平与质量的价值本位;治理工具日益丰富化、数字化,并选纳问责制为共同基础;治理架构各具特色,但普遍朝向扁平式聚集;治理程序的协商性愈发明显,同时注重强化专业驱动。国外学校治理模式已取得了丰富的经验和较好的成效,对我国学校治理体系和治理结构的深入改革具有一定借鉴意义。

School governance is of crucial significance to the perfection of education governance system and the completeness of school development. According to the New Public Governance Theory, foreign school governance models can be divided into Network Governance Models, Distributed Governance Models, Quasi-market Governance Models, and Governmental Governance Models. Through a comparative analysis of the four models, we can find that the governance model of foreign schools is constantly reconciling and modernizing:the governance logic tends to be neutralized between the plan and the market, highlighting the value of fairness and quality;governance tools are increasingly enriched and digitized, and the accountability system is selected as the common foundation;the governance structure shows different characteristics, but it is generally oriented towards a flat aggregation;The negotiating nature of the governance process has become more apparent,while focusing on strengthening professional drive. Foreign school governance models have achieved rich experience and good results, which has reference significance for the indepth reform of the school governance system and structure in our country.