白花九里明对脂肪肝干预及肝脏结构和功能保护的研究

Study of Blumea Megacephala on the intervention of fatty liver and the protection of liver structure and function

目的探讨壮药白花九里明对高脂诱导脂肪肝的干预保护作用。方法选取KM小鼠60只,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、辛伐他汀组、白花九里明低浓度组、白花九里明中浓度组和白花九里明高浓度组,每组10只。各组小鼠每天灌胃2次:正常对照组给予0.9%氯化钠溶液,其他组给予1.0138 g/mL猪油;正常对照组和模型对照组给予0.9%氯化钠溶液,辛伐他汀组给予0.3 mg/mL辛伐他汀,白花九里明低浓度组、中浓度组、高浓度组分别给予0.2、0.4、0.8 g/mL白花九里明提取液;灌胃量均按小鼠体质量计算(10 mL/kg),连续5周。末次灌胃后12 h摘除眼球取血分离血清,检测各种血清甘油三酯(TG)、总蛋白(TP)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)含量。分离肝右叶制备肝组织切片。结果模型对照组TG明显高于其他各组(P<0.05),白花九里明低浓度组、中浓度组TG明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),白花九里明高浓度组TG明显低于低浓度组(P<0.05),白花九里明高浓度组、辛伐他汀组、正常对照组TG组间两两比较差异无统计学意义;模型对照组、辛伐他汀组、正常对照组TP组间两两比较差异无统计学意义,白花九里明低浓度组、中浓度组、高浓度组TP明显高于辛伐他汀组(P<0.05),白花九里明低浓度组TP与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义,白花九里明中浓度组、高浓度组TP明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),白花九里明中浓度组、高浓度组TP组间比较差异无统计学意义;模型对照组ALT明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),辛伐他汀组ALT与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义,但明显低于模型对照组(P<0.05),白花九里明低浓度组、中浓度组、高浓度组ALT组间两两比较差异无统计学意义,但明显低于正常对照组、模型对照组、辛伐他汀组(P<0.05)。正常对照组肝细胞形态结构清晰正常,肝索排列规则,肝血窦清晰,中央静脉管内仅见少许血细胞;模型对照组肝细胞数量明显减少、体积及胞核明显增大,肝细胞内出现大小不一的脂肪空泡且一些融合成大空泡呈现脂肪变性,肝索明显紊乱,肝血窦少而小,中央静脉管明显充血;辛伐他汀组、白花九里明低浓度组肝细胞数量无明显减少、体积及胞核稍增大,肝细胞内脂肪空泡呈现脂肪变性程度明显小于模型对照组,肝索排列紊乱,肝血窦明显可见,中央静脉管未见充血;白花九里明中浓度组、高浓度组肝细胞数量、体积和胞核与正常对照组比较无明显差别,肝细胞内无明显的脂肪空泡,肝索排列较规则,肝血窦清晰,中央静脉管不充血;白花九里明中浓度组的结构形态比低浓度组更接近正常对照组;白花九里明高浓度组结构形态与正常对照组相似。结论高脂摄食可导致高脂血症和肝细胞脂肪变性,危害肝组织结构和功能。白花九里明具有降血脂、促进蛋白合成、干预性维护肝组织结构和功能的作用,高浓度白花九里明干预脂肪肝形成的护肝效果优于辛伐他汀。

Objective To explore the protective effect of the Zhuang medicine Blumea Megacephala on fatty liver induced by high fat.Methods 60 KM mice were selected and randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,simvastatin group,Blumea Megacephala low concentration group,Blumea Megacephala middle concentration group and Blumea Megacephala high concentration group,with 10 mice in each group.Mice in each group were given gavage 2 times a day,the normal control group was given 0.9%sodium chloride solution,the other groups were given1.0138 g/mL lard;the normal control group and the model control group were given 0.9%sodium chloride solution and the simvastatin group was given 0.3 mg/mL simvastatin,and the low concentration group,medium concentration group and high concentration group of Blumea Megacephala were given 0.2,0.4,0.8 g/mL Blumea Megacephala extract;the gavage volume was calculated according to the body weight of the mice(10 mL/kg)for 5 consecutive weeks.12 hours after the last gavage,the eyeballs were removed and blood was collected to separate serum,and the contents of various serum triglycerides(TG),total protein(TP)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)were detected.Separate the right lobe of the liver to prepare liver tissue slices.Results The TG of the model control group was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05),the TG of the low concentration group and the medium concentration group of Blumea Megacephala was significantly higher than that of the normal control group(P<0.05),and the TG of the high concentration group of Blumea Megacephala was significantly lower than the low concentration group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the TG group of Blumea Megacephala high concentration group,simvastatin group and normal control group.There was no significant difference in TP pairwise comparison among model control group,simvastatin group and normal control group.The TP of the low concentration,middle concentration and high concentration groups of Blumea Megacephala was significantly higher than that of the simvastatin group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,there was no statistically significant difference between the TP of Blumea Megacephala low concentration group and the normal control group.The TP of the Blumea Megacephala medium concentration group and the high concentration group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the TP group of the Blumea Megacephala medium concentration group and the high concentration group;the ALT of the model control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group(P<0.05),there was no statistically significant difference in ALT between the simvastatin group and the normal control group,but it was significantly lower than the model control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in ALT between the Blumea Megacephala low concentration group,the medium concentration group and the high concentration group,but it was significantly lower than that normal control group,model control group and simvastatin group(P<0.05).The morphological structure of liver cells in normal control group was clear and normal,the hepatic cord was arranged regularly,the hepatic sinusoid was clear,and only a few blood cells were found in the central venous tube.The number of hepatocytes in the model control group was significantly reduced,and the volume and nucleus of hepatocytes were significantly increased.There were different sizes of fat vacuoles in hepatocytes and some fused into large vacuoles showed fatty degeneration.The hepatic cord was obviously disordered,and the hepatic sinusoids were less and smaller,and the central venous tube was obviously hyperemia.The number of liver cells in simvastatin group and Blumea Megacephala low concentration group was not significantly reduced,and the volume and nucleus of liver cells were slightly increased.The degree of steatosis in liver cells was significantly less than that in model control group.The hepatic cord was disordered,and the hepatic sinusoid was visible.There was no congestion in the central venous tube.The number,volume and nucleus of hepatocytes in the middle concentration group and high concentration group of Baihuajiuliming were not significantly different from those of the normal control group.There was no obvious fat vacuole in hepatocytes.The hepatic cords were arranged regularly,the hepatic sinusoids were clear,and the central venous catheter were not hyperemia.The structure of the medium concentration group was closer to the normal control group than the low concentration group.Structure and morphology of Blumea Megacephala high concentration group were similar to normal control group.Conclusion High fat diet can lead to hyperlipidemia and fatty degeneration of liver cells,endangering liver tissue structure and function.Blumea Megacephala can reduce blood lipid,promote protein synthesis,and maintain the structure and function of liver tissue.The protective effect of high concentration of Blumea Megacephala on fatty liver is better than that of simvastatin.