一种新方法检测阴道毛滴虫的临床应用

Clinical application of a new method to detect trichomonasvaginalis

目的探讨常规湿片与聚合酶链反应技术(PCR)在阴道毛滴虫检测中的应用价值。方法选取2018年1月至2019年6月本院收治的疑似阴道毛滴虫感染患者200例作为研究对象,分别应用常规湿片与PCR检测,并采用PCR技术扩增滴虫目的基因,后行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,依据扩增与电泳结果判断PCR诊断阴道毛滴虫感染的有效性。通过于其他常见阴道微生物PCR结果比较,判断设计引物具备的特异性;依据模板DNA的稀释倍数判断引物的敏感性。结果本研究中,测序检测阳性80例,阴性120例,常规湿片检查检出阳性45例,PCR检查检出阳性79例,漏诊1例。PCR检测毛滴虫阳性率高于常规湿片检查,差异具有统计学意义(c2=16.854,P<0.05);以阴道常见微生物DNA作为模板扩增结果均呈阴性;滴虫DNA稀释1000倍后仍可见明显扩增。结论阴道毛滴虫检测中PCR的应用效果较好,具备较高的特异性与敏感度,可作为批量检测的常用方法。

Objective To explore the application value of routine wet film and polymerase chain reaction(PCR)in the detection of trichomonasvaginalis.Methods 200 cases of suspected trichomonasvaginalis infection patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the research subjects.Routine wet film and PCR detection were applied respectively,and the target genes of trichomonas were amplified by PCR technology,followed by agar.Glycogel electrophoresis,based on the results of amplification and electrophoresis to judge the effectiveness of PCR in diagnosing trichomonasvaginalis infection.Judge the specificity of the designed primers by comparing the PCR results with other common vaginal microorganisms;judge the sensitivity of the primers based on the dilution factor of the template DNA.Results In this study,80 cases were positive by sequencing and 120 cases were negative,45 cases were positive by routine wet film,79 cases were positive by PCR,and1 cases was missed.The positive rate of trichomonas detected by PCR was higher than that of routine wet film test,the difference was statistically significant(c2=16.854,P<0.05);the amplification results were negative when the common microbial DNA of vagina was used as template;the obvious amplification could still be seen when the trichomonas DNA was diluted 1000 times.Conclusion PCR can be used in the detection of trichomonasvaginalis with high specificity and sensitivity.