认知访谈在临床领导力问卷汉化及跨文化调试中的应用

Application of cognitive interview in the Chinesization and cross-cultural adaptation of Clinical Leadership Inventory

目的应用认知访谈了解目标人群对汉化后临床领导力问卷的理解,以更好地对问卷进行跨文化调试。方法根据《跨文化调试指南》对临床领导力问卷进行汉化及跨文化调适,形成初版汉化问卷。于2020年11月—2021年1月,采用便利抽样法选取三级甲等医院的35名护士作为访谈对象,通过2轮认知访谈,了解其对汉化后临床领导力问卷各条目的理解情况,并根据访谈结果对问卷条目进行修订。结果临床领导力问卷共包含5个维度15个条目。第1轮访谈结果显示,有7个条目在理解与表述方面存在一定问题,产生疑义的频次为2~6人次,结合受访者建议、资料查询及专家咨询后对6个条目进行相应修改。第2轮访谈结果显示,受访者对修订后的汉化版问卷条目的语言理解与原问卷表达一致。结论认知访谈是一种验证问卷质量的方法。在临床领导力问卷汉化过程中应用认知访谈法有助于了解目标人群对问卷条目的理解程度,减少问卷条目表达不当对受访者造成的理解偏差。同时,也可让汉化后的问卷在内容本质不变的基础上表达本土化,以使其更易被目标人群理解接受。

Objective To apply cognitive interview to understand the comprehension of the target population on the Chinese version of Clinical Leadership Inventory,for better cross-cultural debugging of the inventory.Methods According to Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures,the Clinical Leadership Inventory was adapted in Chinese and cross-cultural way to form the first Chinese version of the questionnaire.From November 2020 to January 2021,a total of 35 nurses from Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals were selected as the interviewees by convenience sampling method.Through two rounds of cognitive interviews,the comprehension of each item in the questionnaire was understood,and the questionnaire items were revised according to the interview results.Results The Clinical Leadership Inventory consists of 15 items of 5 dimensions.The results of the first round showed that there were some problems in the understanding and expression of 7 items.The frequency of suspicions was 2-6 person times.The 6 items were modified according to the suggestions of interviewees,data inquiry and expert consultation.The results of the second round of interviews show that the language understanding of the revised Chinese version of the questionnaire is consistent with that of the original questionnaire.Conclusions Cognitive interview is a method to verify the quality of questionnaire.The application of cognitive interview method in the cross-cultural adaption of Clinical Leadership Inventory is helpful to understand the comprehension of the questionnaire items of the target population and reduce the misunderstanding deviation caused by the improper expression of the questionnaire items to the respondents.At the same time,the questionnaire can be localized on the basis of the content nature unchanged,so that it can be easily understood and accepted by the target population.