中医药在巴西的发展现状与分析

The development status and analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Brazil

巴西医疗保险以统一医疗体系(Unified Health System,SUS)的免费医疗为主、私人保险为补充,已实现全民享有基本医疗服务。导致该国居民死亡的主要疾病是缺血性心脏病、脑卒中、下呼吸道感染,近年来AD、慢性肾脏病及糖尿病的发病率显著增高。以针灸为代表的中医疗法在19世纪初传入巴西,目前针灸治疗已得到较广泛的认可和应用,被纳入SUS,并在多所高校开设相关课程,但中医药整体特色有待加强,从业人员对中药的理解、运用不足,以及中医药教育缺乏规范等问题限制了中医药在巴西的发展。建议通过发挥中医药治未病的特色,加大中药研发力度并扩大市场,规范中医教育等措施,促进两国在中医药领域的广泛合作,推动中医药在巴西的发展与传播。

The medical insurance is provided by the Unified Health System(SUS)covering most of Brazilians and alsocombined with private insurance,and every Brazilan could get access to basic health services.The major diseaseas leading to death in Brazil are ischemic heart disease,stroke and lower respiratory infection.The incidence of AD,chronic kidney disease and diabetes are increasing in recent years.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),which was represented by acupuncture,was introduced to Brazil in the early 19th.At present,acupuncture has been widely accepted and used,which was included in SUS.A number of universities have acupuncture courses.However,the specialities and advantages of TCM needs to be strengthened,the local practioners lack the understanding of TCM theory,the appropriate use of herbal medicine,and there lacks TCM education standards,all these limit the development of TCM.Thus,in order to promote the development and dissemination of TCM in Brazil,it is suggested to give full play of the characteristics of TCM in preventing disease,increase the research and development input of herbal medicine,standardize the education stystem of TCM,etc.