中国省级城市用地效率与用地扩张的空间关系研究——基于精明增长理论的思考

Spatial Relationship between Land Use Efficiency and Land Expansion in China's Provincial Cities:Based on the Theory of Smart Growth

基于中国30个省域的城市面板数据,采用非期望产出随机前沿距离函数、扩张强度、变异系数和双变量空间自相关等方法,研究分析城市用地效率和用地扩张的关系。结果表明:(1)资本存量和劳动力每增加1%,城市建设用地有效效率分别增长1.469%和2.642%;但能源投入每增加1%,建设用地效率减少7.689%。(2)研究期内,各省份城市用地效率一直保持在较高水平,但是总体增长活力不足;空间分布上,高值地区呈现“团状”集聚和“条带状”延伸发展的特征。(3)用地扩张强度的变化趋势表现为先升高后衰减,空间分布上大致以“胡焕庸线”为界。(4)当前城市化阶段下,多数城市用地扩张有利于用地效率的提高,城市空间延展有其合理性。但从发展趋势上看,仍要注重精明增长理论的现实应用,尤其是大中城市发展要及时转变思路,高效使用城市空间,以实现城市可持续发展。

This paper takes the urban panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2016 as an example,analyzes the relationship between urban land use efficiency and land use expansion by using non-expected output stochastic frontier distance function,expansion intensity,coefficient of variation and bivariate spatial autocorrelation.The results show that:(1)For every 1%increase in capital stock and labor,the effective efficiency of urban construction land increased by 1.469%and 2.642%respectively.However,for every 1%increase in energy input,the efficiency of construction land decreased by 7.689%.(2)During 2000—2016,the efficiency of urban land use in all provinces has been maintained at a high level,but the overall growth vitality is insufficient.In terms of spatial distribution,high-value areas are characterized by“group-like”agglomeration and“stripe-like”extension development.(3)During the study period,the trend of the intensity of land expansion was firstly increased and then attenuated,and the spatial distribution was roughly bounded by the“Hu Huanyong line”.(4)Under the current urbanization stage,the expansion of land use in most cities is conducive to the improvement of land use efficiency,and the urban space extension has its rationality.However,from the perspective of development trends,it is still necessary to pay more attention to the practical application of the theory of smart growth.In particular,the development of large and medium-sized cities should change their thinking in a timely manner and use urban space efficiently to achieve sustainable urban development.