2017~2020年采暖期沈阳市空气质量变化研究

Study on the Changes of Air Quality in Shenyang City During Heating Period From 2017 to 2020

由于在以往空气质量分析中,经济活动连续性和持续性使得无法准确估算供暖行业对大气质量的直接影响。而2019~2020年供暖期的城市社会经济活动受到抑制,这为科学评估供暖企业排放影响空气质量提供了机会。为此,对比分析了2017~2020年沈阳市冬季供暖期间的气象因子、空气质量指数和主要污染物浓度指标,明确了供暖行业、社会生产和交通运输对空气质量污染物排放量的贡献。结果表明:2019~2020年集中供暖期沈阳市大气环境质量比往年有明显改善,且空气质量主要受地面污染物总排放量的调控,与气象因子无显著相关性。供暖企业污染物排放量占冬季大气环境污染物总排放量的60%~80%,且与供热面积正相关;而社会生产和交通运输对空气污染物总量的贡献占比20%~40%。因此,集中供暖污染物排放仍是沈阳市冬季空气污染物的主要来源,提出了从供暖行业视角进行节能减排仍是提高和改善冬季空气质量的重要措施和手段。

In the past air quality analysis,the continuity and economic activities make it impossible to accurately estimate the direct impact of heating industry on air quality.The inhibition of urban socio-economic activities during the 2019-2020 heating period provides an opportunity for scientific assessment of the impact of emissions from heating companies on air quality.Therefore,this paper compares the meteorological factors,air quality index and main pollutant concentration indexes during the winter heating period in Shenyang City from 2017 to 2020,and makes clear the contribution of heating industry,social production and transportation to the emissions of air quality pollutants.The results show that the atmospheric environment quality of Shenyang City during the central heating period from 2019 to 2020 was significantly improved than that of previous years,and the air quality was mainly controlled by the total emissions of ground pollutants,and had no significant correlation with meteorological factors.The pollutant emissions of heating enterprises accounted for 60%~80%of the total emissions of atmospheric pollutants in winter,and were positively correlated with the heating areas.Social production and transportation contributed 20%to 40%of the total air pollutants.Therefore,pollutant emission from central heating is still the main sources of air pollutants in Shenyang City in winter,and energy conservation and emission reduction from the perspective of heating industry is still an important measure and means to improve winter air quality.