从“本习之辨”看熊十力对宋明儒学的承续与开新——以《明心篇》为中心

On Xiong Shili’s Continuation and Extension of Neo-Confucianism with the Respective of the Debate of BenXin and XiXin in the Discouse of MingXin

随着熊十力哲学思想的不断成熟,“本习之辨”的重要性越发凸显出来,这一点在其晚年代表作即《明心篇》中体现得最为明晰、丰富和深入.通过“本习之辨”,熊十力对儒学尤其是宋明儒学中的“性习之辨”问题作了承续和创造性的阐发.究其本质,这一论题是熊十力哲学与时代思潮相碰撞以及结合的产物,它既体现出现代新儒学的理论风貌,又彰显出儒学现代化所面临的时代问题.如何将认识论与道德价值相衔接,或者说,儒家的道德心性之学如何才能涵摄知识论的内容,是“本习之辨”所提出和处理的根本性问题.这一问题在熊先生这里得到一定程度的探讨,并在其后学如牟宗三等人那里继续被讨论.

The debate of BenXin and XiXin in the discouse of MingXin should be regarded as the representative work in Xiong Shili’s later years,relatively,the debate of nature and practice that combined in Neo-Confucianism has been brought about sustainable discussion and creative elucidation through this theme.Fundamentally,the combination of thoughts of Xiong shili and the contemporary trend of thoughts resulted in some debate about BenXin and XiXin,which embodied the theoretical characteristics of Neo-Confucianism,or marked the the era problem that faced with Confucianism.How the cohesion and coherence of Epistemology and Moral Value could be well,in other words,how the theory of knowledge could be embodied by learning of moral or mind and nature,that raised fundamental theoretical issue,and which had been discussed in some degree by Xiong Shili’s and his successors,this problem is still continuing.