哈尔滨丁香公园4种典型人工绿地群落碳密度研究

Carbon Density of Four Typical Artificial Communities in Clove Parks in Harbin

城市公园绿地在降低城市碳浓度方面备受关注,采用标准木解析法与剖面调查法,研究哈尔滨丁香公园4种典型人工绿地群落(落叶松林群落、白桦林群落、丁香群落与草地群落)的植被、土壤、生态系统的碳密度及分布格局,揭示寒地公园绿地植物群落碳密度差异,并定量评价4种典型人工绿地群落的碳储量与固碳能力.结果表明:(1)丁香公园4种人工绿地群落生物量差异显著,落叶松林群落植被生物量最大,白桦林群落次之,草地群落最低.针叶类群落生物总量高于阔叶类植物群落,不同层次植被生物量差异受群落结构影响明显.(2)4种人工绿地群落的植被碳密度分布在(0.50±0.03)~(9.15±0.08)kg/m2之间,呈现出由单一结构向复合结构绿地递增的趋势.(3)土壤有机碳密度分布在(19.11±6.26)~(28.28±4.55)kg/m2之间,公园绿地群落土壤高碳层均分布在10~20 cm土层,10~50 cm空间随土壤深度的增加,碳密度呈递减分布趋势.有机碳分布差异主要由0~30 cm各土壤层中碳密度决定.(4)不同类型绿地生态系统碳密度相近,群落层次越复杂,植被碳密度在生态系统中的占比越高,碳密度在(28.78±4.55)~(31.49±3.31)kg/m2之间,土壤碳密度占比(82.77%)高于植被碳密度占比(17.23%).研究显示,适度增加阔叶林与针叶林群落比例,降低草地面积,可有效提高哈尔滨公园绿地碳汇潜力.

Urban parks have attached much attention in reducing carbon concentration in cities.In this paper,the carbon density and distribution pattern of vegetation,soil and ecosystem of four kinds of artificial green space communities(larch forest community,birch forest community,clove community and grassland community)in Harbin Syringa Park were studied by standard wood analysis method and profile survey method.The differences between in carbon density of plant communities in cold park were revealed,and the carbon storage and carbon fixation capacity of four kinds of typical artificial green spaces were quantitatively evaluated.The results showed that:(1)The biomass of the four populations of Syringa Park was significantly different,larch community had the largest vegetation biomass,followed by birch,and grassland community was the lowest.The total biomass of coniferous community was higher than that of broad-leaved community.The difference between in vegetation biomass in different layers was obviously influenced by community structure.(2)The carbon storage of the vegetation in the four kinds of artificial greenbelt communities was(0.50±0.03)-(9.15±0.08)kg/m^(2),showing an increasing trend from single structure to compound structure greenbelt.(3)The distribution range of soil carbon density was(19.11±6.26)-(28.28±4.55)kg/m^(2).The high carbon layer of the park green space community was distributed among over 10-20 cm soil layer.With the increase in soil depth,the carbon storage showed a decreasing distribution trend.The difference between in the distribution of organic carbon and carbon was mainly determined by the distribution of carbon density in each soil layer of 0-30 cm.(4)The carbon density of different types of green space ecosystem was similar.The more complex the community level was,the higher the proportion of vegetation carbon density of the ecosystem,the carbon density was between(28.78±4.55)-(31.49±3.31)kg/m^(2).Soil was the main carbon density of green space ecosystem,accounting for 82.77%,and vegetation carbon density was 17.23%.The results show that increasing the proportion of broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest and reducing grassland area can effectively improve the carbon sequestration potential of green space in Harbin park.