芭蕉俳谐的“寂”与意境美

On Silence and Beauty of Artistic Conception of Basho's Haikei

"寂"是日本古典文艺美学,特别是俳谐美学的一个关键词和重要范畴。而松尾芭蕉正是以"寂"为核心,创作了很多独特的艺术佳作,并树立了俳谐新风。他通过对自然景趣的享受,而追求"寂"的意境。这种"寂",不单单是"孤寂""空寂""寂静"的景象,更蕴含了"闲寂""单纯""乐观"的心境,体现了松尾芭蕉"寂然独立、淡泊宁静、自由洒脱"的人生态度,进而获得一种精神的愉悦。而这种将自己的思想感情与作品中描绘的生活图景融合一致的艺术境界,正是芭蕉俳谐诗学意境的极大体现,我们也能从中感知到其独特的意境美。

"Silence"is a key word and an important category of Japanese classical literary aesthetics,especially haikei aesthetics.Matsuo Basho created many unique works of art and set up a new style of haikei.He pursues the artistic conception of"Silence"by enjoying the natural scenery.This kind of"solitude"is not only the scene of"loneliness","emptiness"and"silence",but also conveys the mood of"leisure and loneliness","simplicity"and"optimism",which reflects Matsuo Basho's"lonely,independent,indifferent,quiet,free and easy"attitudes towards life.Matsuo Basho obtains a kind of spiritual pleasure from his works.The artistic realm that integrates his own thoughts and feelings with the life picture depicted in his works is full embodiment of the artistic conception of Basho's haikei poetics,from which we can feel its unique beauty of artistic conception.