养老机构老年人生活质量及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Quality of Life of the Elderly in the Aged Care Institution and Its Influencing Factors

目的调查安阳市养老机构老年人生活质量水平,并分析其可能的影响因素。方法2018年12月—2019年8月采用简易精神状态评价量表、患者健康问卷、养老机构老年人生活质量量表对安阳市228名养老机构老年人进行调查。结果养老机构老年人生活质量量表标准化得分为(70.92±9.43)分,老年人在自主决策维度得分最高,家庭亲密度次之,在躯体健康方面得分最低。多元线性回归分析显示,入住养老机构前长期居住在城镇、慢性病种类和抑郁程度是老年人生活质量的危险因素。结论养老机构老年人的生活质量水平整体不高,应重点关注城镇老年人、慢性病种类数较多及抑郁的老年人,可采取医养结合的模式满足老年人的医疗需求,定期举办文娱活动,以提高老年人的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life of the elderly in elderly care institutions in Anyang and analyze its possible influencing factors.Methods From December 2018 to August 2019,a survey of 228 elderly people in elderly care institutions in Anyang City was conducted using the Simple Mental State Evaluation Scale,the Patient Health Questionnaire,and the Quality of Life Scale for the Elderly in Elderly Care Institutions.Results The standardized score of the Quality of Life Scale for the Elderly in Elderly Care Institutions was(70.92±9.43)points.The elderly scored the highest in the dimension of autonomous decision-making,followed by family intimacy,and the lowest score in physical health.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that long-term living in towns,types of chronic diseases,and depression levels are risk factors for the quality of life of the elderly.Conclusion The overall quality of life of the elderly in elderly care institutions was not high.We should focus on the elderly in urban areas,elderly people with more chronic diseases and depressed elderly people.The medical care integration model can be adopted to meet the medical needs of the elderly,and cultural and recreational activities can be held regularly,to improve the quality of life of the elderly.