实体的可感部分与实体——兼论亚里士多德分析实体的两种模式

Aristotle on Substance and the Material Parts of Substance

本文主要探讨了实体的可感部分是不是实体的问题.我们发现,亚里士多德在文本中对这个问题会作出截然相反的两种回答.为了弥合这种不一致,本文认为亚里士多德提出了分析实体的两种模式:人造物模式和生命体模式.根据人造物模式,实体的可感部分与实体分离后自身是实体;而根据生命体模式,实体的可感部分就不是实体.此外,本文还指出,这两种分析模式之间存在着一种研究方法论上的演进关系.

This paper discusses an issue emerged from Aristotle'scorpus:whether the material parts of substance are substances.It could benoted that Aristotle would give different answers to this question in hisworks.In order to resolve this inconsistency,this article argues that Aristotleproposes two models to analyse the substances:the Artefact Model and theLiving-being Model.According to the former,the material substances aresubstances;while according to the latter,they are not substances forAristotle.This paper also discusses the relationship between the two models,which can reflect Aristotle's general methodology.