科学的政体和启蒙的进阶

The Polity of Science and the Progress of Enlightenment

启蒙关联科学和政治的主轴是理性,《启蒙辩证法》把启蒙堕落为神话归罪于实证主义倡导的以数量计算为核心的同一理性.同一理性的后果,一方面是人与人之间的暴力关系(专制政治),另一方面是社会与自然之间的暴力关系(数量科学).借助于近年来科学哲学中的社会政治转向取得的成果揭示科学理性的社会向度,把理性的运用理解为集体事件,就可能将科学理解为一项社会政治成就,构建一种具有民主意味的理性概念.这样,启蒙不仅能够借力新的理性概念驱动社会的进步,也将获得反思科学的权力.

The Enlightenment connected science and politics with aspecial conception ofreason drawn from positivism,which aims atidentity.According to Dialectics of Enlightenment,this conception resulted indomination both in human society and the relationship between human andnature.This paper argues,if the conception of reason could be transformedinto a constructionism one with more democratic meanings,the process ofenlightenment would be activated.