嬭加编钟铭文新释及相关问题考辨

A New Interpretation and Research about Inscriptions on the Mi Jia Chime

通过分析嬭加编钟铭文,首先对嬭加的身份、时代进行考辨,指出铭文"余文王之孙,穆之元子",是嬭加自述,"余"为嬭加自称,"文王"并非周文王而是楚文王,"穆"亦非曾穆侯,而是楚穆王,并判定嬭加编钟的时代为公元前614年之后不久。同时,可论定嬭加之丈夫曾侯宝应属春秋中期中段之人,不应早至春秋早期晚段。此外,亦可将随仲嬭加鼎的年代范围确定,其应制作于楚穆王在位时期(上限为前625年,下限为前614年)。"加嬭簋"应是加嬭嫁至曾国后所作,年代与"嬭加编钟"接近或同时。在曾、随关系问题上,至迟在春秋中期的楚穆王时代,曾国就已称"随"。

Through the analysis of Mi Jia chime inscriptions,we research her identity and times firstly.Studies have shown that the inscription"I am the grandchild of King of Wen and the eldest daughter of King of Mu"is a self-statement."Yu"is what MiJia calls herself,"King of Wen"is not King Wen of Zhou but the king Wen of Chu,"Mu"is not the Marquis of ZengMu,but the king Mu of Chu.Besides,the birth of the chime is shortly after 614 BC.At the same time,we can assure that her husband Zenghou Bao should be in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period,rather than as early as the late Spring and Autumn Period.Additionally,we can also determine the age of Sui zhongmijia Ding.It should be made in the reign of King Mu of Chu from BC625 to BC614."JiaMi Gui"should be made after Jia Mi married to the Zeng state,and its age is close to or at the same time of MiJia chime.As for the relationship between"Zeng"and"Sui",Zeng state had been called"Sui"as late as the time of King Mu of Chu in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.