构建民办学校独立监事制度:逻辑动因、现实可能与框架设计

The Discussion on Constructing the Independent Supervisor System of Private Schools:Logical Motivation,Realistic Possibility and Framework Design

当前,分类管理背景下的民办教育新法新政对民办学校建立监督机构做出顶层设计。在建立健全民办学校监督机构的同时,以国家层面探索建立民办学校独立监事制度的政策为指引,科学借鉴来自国内外公司治理和域外私立学校治理中独立(外部)监事的制度设计与实践经验,顺势引入并试点推行民办学校独立监事制度,可以克服民办学校决策"专制化"、管理"家族化"、监督"形式化"、文化"企业化"倾向,强化民办学校监督机构的独立性、专业性、公正性和公益性。新阶段,应以新《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法》及其配套政策正式实施为契机,在《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法实施条例》修订、民办教育地方立法和学校法人治理结构优化过程中,鼓励和引导民办学校建立独立监事制度,统筹设计、凸显特色、差异规范、分步推行,推动建立健全以独立性为核心特征的民办学校监督机构。

At present,the new law and new deal of private education under the background of classified management makes the top-level design for the establishment of supervision institutions in private schools.At the same time of establishing and perfecting the supervision institutions of private schools,guided by the policy of exploring the establishment of independent supervisor system of private schools at the national level,scientifically drawing lessons from the system design and practical experience of independent(external)supervisors in domestic and foreign corporate governance and foreign private school governance,introducing and implementing the independent supervisor system of private schools can overcome the problemswhich are manifested in the autocracy of decision-making of private schools,the family business nature of school government,the superficial of supervision and the entrepreneur orientation of school cultureand strengthen the independence,professionalism,impartiality and public welfare of the supervision institutions of private schools.In the new stage,we should take the opportunity of the formal implementation of the new law on the promotion of civilian run education and its supporting policies.In the process of the revision of the regulations on the implementation of the law,the local legislation of private education and the optimization of the corporate governance structure of schools,we should encourage and guide private schools to establish an independent supervisory system,make overall planning,highlight characteristics,and standardize differences to promote the establishment and improvement of private school supervision institutions with independence as the core feature.