2019年河南省安阳市人间布鲁菌病监测分析

Analysis of surveillance results of human brucellosis in Anyang City,Henan Province in 2019

目的了解河南省安阳市人间布鲁菌病(简称布病)分布特征,为控制布病流行提供科学依据。方法2019年安阳市人间布病疫情资料和人口数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统,流行病学和临床资料由安阳市疾病预防控制中心进行汇总统计。采用描述流行病学方法对布病流行病学和临床特征进行整理及统计分析。结果2019年安阳市共报告布病128例,发病率为3.12/10万(128/4096193)。其中,男性85例,女性43例,男、女性别比为1.98∶1.00;年龄最小的1岁,最大的83岁,40~69岁共有100例,占78.12%(100/128);职业以农民为主(119例),占92.97%(119/128);96例有羊接触史,占75.00%(96/128)。4-8月为发病高峰(81例),占63.28%(81/128)。安阳市8个县(市、区)均有发病,发病率前3位的县(区)分别为殷都区(15.39/10万,42/272983)、龙安区(5.16/10万,12/232421)和内黄县(4.02/10万,27/672396)。发病至确诊时间中位数为32.18 d,范围为3~350 d,≥31 d的有72例,占56.25%(72/128)。结论2019年安阳市布病以男性中老年农民为主要发病人群,主要感染途径为接触传播,建议加强布病防控措施落实。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in Anyang City,Henan Province,and to provide scientific basis for control of brucellosis.Methods The epidemic data and population data of human brucellosis in 2019 in Anyang City were collected from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the epidemiological and clinical data were collected by Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to sort out and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of brucellosis.Results In 2019,128 cases of brucellosis were reported in Anyang City,with an incidence rate of 3.12/100000(128/4096193).Among them,85 cases were male and 43 cases were female,the sex ratio of male to female was 1.98∶1.00;the youngest was 1 year old,and the oldest was 83 years old,there were 100 cases between 40 and 69 years old,accounting for 78.12%(100/128);the main occupation was farmer(119 cases),accounting for 92.97%(119/128);a total of 96 cases had contact history with sheep,accounting for 75.00%(96/128).The peak of incidence was from April to August(81 cases),accounting for 63.28%(81/128).Eight counties(cities and districts)in Anyang City were all affected,and the top three counties(districts)were Yindu District(15.39/100000,42/272983),Longan District(5.16/100000,12/232421)and Neihuang County(4.02/100000,27/672396).The median time from onset to diagnosis was 32.18 d,ranging from 3 to 350 d,72 cases were≥31 d,accounting for 56.25%(72/128).Conclusions In 2019,the main population of brucellosis in Anyang City is male middle-aged and elderly farmers,and the main infection route is contact transmission.It is suggested to strengthen the implementation of prevention and control measures of brucellosis.