右美托咪定减少神经外科手术患者麻醉苏醒期躁动效果与安全性分析

An Analysis of the Effect and Safety of Dexmedetomidine on Reducing Restlessness in Patients Undergoing Anesthesia during Neurosurgery

目的探析右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine)在减少神经外科手术患者麻醉苏醒期躁动效果及安全性。方法方便选取2018年5月—2019年5月于该院进行神经外科手术的150例患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为研究组与基础组,每组75例。基础组给予常规麻醉诱导及术中处理,研究组在基础组的基础上加用右美托咪定。观察比较两组血流动力学情况[心率(HR)、平均动脉血压(MAP)]、麻醉苏醒期躁动发生率及不良反应发生情况。结果拔管后5 min,研究组的HR(71.81±6.55)次/min慢于基础组的(76.39±6.78)次/min;研究组的MAP(83.35±7.14)mmHg低于基础组的(90.47±10.02)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(t=4.207、19.089,P<0.05);研究组麻醉苏醒期躁动发生率2.67%低于基础组的18.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.075,P<0.05);研究组不良反应发生率0.00%低于基础组的8.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.340,P<0.05)。结论右美托咪定用于神经外科手术患者的血流动力学稳定,减少麻醉苏醒期躁动情况,同时,患者不良反应较少,安全性较高。

Objective To explore the effect and safety of Dexmedetomidine in reducing agitation in patients undergoing anesthesia during neurosurgery.Methods A total of 150 patients who underwent neurosurgery in the hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were conveniently selected as the research objects.They were divided into a research group and a basic group by a random number table method,with 75 cases in each group.The basic group was given conventional anesthesia induction and intraoperative treatment,and the research group added dexmedetomidine on the basis of the basic group.Observe and compare the hemodynamics of the two groups[heart rate(HR),mean arterial blood pressure(MAP)],restlessness during anesthesia EA and adverse reactions.Results 5 minutes after extubation,the HR of the study group was(71.81±6.55)times/min slower than that of the basic group(76.39±6.78)times/min;the MAP(83.35±7.14)mmHg of the study group was lower than that of the basic group(90.47±10.02)mmHg,the difference was statistically significant(t=4.207,19.089,P<0.05);the incidence of restlessness during anesthesia recovery in the study group was 2.67%lower than that of the basic group 18.67%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.075,P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 0.00%lower than that in the basic group 8.00%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.340,P<0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine used in neurosurgery patients has stable hemodynamics and reduces restlessness during anesthesia recovery.At the same time,it has fewer adverse reactions and higher safety.