类案裁判的适法标准和规范机制研究

Research on Normalization and Standardization of Judgments in Similar Cases

类案裁判规范化、标准化建设对于统一法律适用,克服“类案不同判”现象的发生具有重要意义。参考西方区别技术理论的类案识别方法论,即“类案识别三步法”是类案识别的初步机制,类案裁判标准化建设以类比论证为基础,以“类案识别思维导图”为具体实现路径。“预防—识别—发现—决策—反馈—纠正全流程机制”系实现类案裁判规范化的依托机制。“智慧法院”信息化建设则是类案裁判规范化、标准化的技术保障。探索构建全国法院类案大数据统一平台势在必行。

The normalization and standardization of judgments in similar cases is of great significance,since it will unify the application of the law and overcome the"same case,different judgement"problem.Refer to the methodologies of similar case identification from the Western countries,the"three-step method for similar case identification"is the preliminary mechanism for similar case identification.The standardization of similar case judgment is then based on analogy argumentation,and the practice is facilitated by using the"similar case identification mind map".The comprehensive workflow,which contains"prevention-identification-discoverydecision-feedback-correction",is the fundamental mechanism for the normalization of judgments in similar cases.The informatization of"smart courts"provides essential technical support for normalization and standardization of judgement in similar cases.It is imperative to explore the construction of a unified big-data platform for similar case from courts across the nation.