基于DFS算法的路内停车预约车位设置方法

Setting of curbside parking reserved-parking spaces based on DFS algorithm

为充分研究预约停车位设置方法对路内停车巡航时间的影响,根据深度优先搜索(depth first search, DFS)算法设计了停车寻位的流程、设计仿真运行程序以及仿真的一般场景,提出了包含节约巡航时间比例、服务车辆数、总停车时长、平均停车时长4项指标的预约停车位设置方案的模糊综合评价方法。仿真案例基于DFS算法,根据出行者对于停车预约系统及停车位置选择偏好,设置仿真停车时所需参数以及仿真算图,共设计20组仿真方案和2组对照方案,得到各方案下各类车辆的巡航时间。结果表明:随着预约停车位比例增加,预约车辆平均巡航时间节约比例最高达21.6%,服务预约车辆数增加,但总服务车辆数并未保持上升趋势,总停车时长逐渐下降,同时平均停车时长无明显变化;预约停车位置设置不同(近目的地或远目的地),对于巡航时间有显著影响。各方案为优的隶属度最高为0.68,即80%预约停车位比例,最外侧设置4个预约停车位,解得为案例场景最优方案;相同比例预约停车位,设置一定数量最外侧预约停车位方案具有较高评价值。该研究验证了预约车位位置和比例对停车效率的影响,并得到在当前场景以及选择模型下预约停车位设置最优方案。

In order to fully study the influence of the setting method of reserved parking space on the cruising time of in-road parking,the flow of parking search was designed based on the depth first search algorithm(DFS).A method of allocation of reserved parking spaces based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was proposed,which included the saving ratio of cruising time,the number of vehicles,the total parking time and the average parking time.The simulation case was based on the preferences of the traveler for parking booking system and parking location,the parameters needed for simulation parking,with different proportions and positions of 20 simulation schemes and 2 control schemes were setted.The cruising time of various vehicles under each scheme was obtained.The results show that the proportion of reserved parking spaces increases,the cruising time saving ratio of reserved vehicles decreases,and the maximum ratio reaches 21.6%.The cruising time saving ratio of all vehicles increase,and the number of vehicles with service reservations increases,but the number of total service vehicles does not maintain an upward trend,and the total parking time gradually decrease,with no significant change in the average parking time.The excellent membership of each scheme is 0.68,as 80%of the parking space is reserved,and 4 parking spaces are set at the outermost,which is the optimal solution for the case scenario.With the same proportion of reserved parking spaces,setting a certain number of the outermost reserved parking spaces has a high evaluation value.This study verify that the location and proportion of reserved parking spaces have an impact on cruising time and parking efficiency.The optimal scheme for reserving a parking space under the current scenario and the selection model is obtained.8 tabs,13 figs,30 refs.