摘要
人类肠道菌群复杂多样,在与人类长期的共同进化过程中,具备了调节人体免疫应答、影响疾病发展的作用。这种免疫调节作用与肠道菌群本身的多样性和关键菌种的存在与否具有紧密联系。然而肠道菌群结构和功能的特性在很大程度上受到肠道菌群宿主的饮食结构、年龄和生活环境等因素的影响。正常的肠道菌群能够调节肠上皮细胞的通透性,刺激物质代谢与免疫反应,使肠道微环境长期处于稳态;一旦肠道菌群失衡,引起肠道微环境稳态变化,则会提高许多疾病的发生风险,尤其是胃肠代谢疾病,以及免疫和神经性疾病。本文主要从肠道菌群与人体健康的关系、影响肠道菌群组成的因素、功能性食品对人体健康的影响以及如何维持肠道微生态平衡等几个方面,综述了人体肠道菌群的当前研究现状和相关产业应用,期望能够为肠道菌群与人体健康的相互关系研究及其成果转化提供新的思考。
In the coevolutionary journey with humans, the complex and diverse human intestinal flora has evolved to regulate the human immune responses and affect the development of diseases. This immunomodulatory effect is closely related to the diversity of intestinal flora and the presence of key strains. The composition and function of the intestinal flora are greatly influenced by a variety of factors, including the diet, age and living environment of the host. Normal intestinal flora can regulate the permeability of intestinal epithelial cells, stimulate intestinal metabolism and immunoreaction, and maintain local homeostasis in the intestinal microenvironment.When the intestinal flora is imbalanced and the intestinal homeostasis is disrupted, the risk of many diseases, such as the gastrointestinal metabolic diseases, as well as the immune and neurological diseases, will increase. Here we reviewed the current research progress and therapeutic applications of human intestinal flora in the following sections: the relationship between intestinal flora and human health, the factors affecting the composition of intestinal flora, the impact of functional foods on human health, and how to maintain intestinal microecological balance.Hopefully this review will provide new thinking for future studies on the interaction between intestinal flora and human health and the related translational applications.
作者
张晓波
孙辉
Zhang Xiaobo;Sun Hui(Cuiying Biomedical Research Center,Lanzhou University Second Hospital,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China)
出处
《生物医学转化》
2021年第2期39-45,共7页
Biomedical transformation
基金
兰州大学第二医院萃英科技创新计划(2020QN-08)。
关键词
肠道菌群
人体健康
微生态平衡
Intestinal flora
Human health
Microecological balance