广西横县不同地域茉莉花香气组分含量分析

Analysis of Aroma Components of Jasmine in Different Regions of Hengxian County,Guangxi

【目的】分析广西横县不同区域种植茉莉花的香气组分及其含量和相应土壤的活性中微量元素含量,为各地茉莉花种植技术改良和花茶窨制工艺提升提供参考依据。【方法】采集广西横县11个典型茉莉花种植样点(分别为1~11号样点)的商品茉莉花花样及对应地块的土壤样品,对茉莉花的挥发性组分进行GC-MS检测,同时检测土壤的活性中微量元素含量,分析不同区域种植茉莉花的香气组分含量差异及主要香气组分含量与土壤活性中微量元素含量的相关性,通过回归分析探讨不同活性中微量元素含量对主要香气组分积累的影响。【结果】广西横县茉莉花的香气组分包含醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类、酸类、烷烃类和其他类等7类化合物化合物。从11个茉莉花种植样点的22份茉莉花样品中检测到可鉴定的挥发性物质242种,其中含量较高的物质分别为(E)-2-己烯醛、芳樟醇、苯甲醛、己醛和(E)-3-己烯-1-醇等,其平均相对含量分别为21.72、12.06、5.21、2.75和2.37;3、4、9、10和11号样点茉莉花的香气组分总相对含量均高于平均值。相关分析和回归分析结果表明,土壤中交换性钙、交换性镁含量与茉莉花香气组分相对含量排前10位的(E)-2-己烯醛、己醛、八甲基环四硅氧烷和2-辛酮含量呈显著(P<0.05,下同)或极显著(P<0.01)负相关,与己酸含量呈显著正相关。【结论】广西横县不同种植区域茉莉花的香气组分及其含量存在较大差异,但采样点位置与茉莉花香气组分相关性不明显。茉莉花香气组分主要分为醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类、酸类和烷烃类化合物等;在茉莉花香气组分的生成和积累过程中,土壤交换性钙和交换性镁含量的增加会抑制茉莉花中(E)-2-己烯醛、己醛、八甲基环四硅氧烷和2-辛酮积累,促进己酸含量提高,因此,调节土壤交换性钙和交换性镁含量可作为后续茉莉花种植技术优化的重要方法。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze the aroma components of jasmine and the content of soil active trace elements in different regions of Hengxian,Guangxi,so as to provide reference for the improvement of jasmine planting technology and scenting technology of scented tea.【Method】Eleven typical samples site(named 1-11)were selected to collect commercial jasmine flower and corresponding soil samples from Hengxian,Guangxi.The aroma components relative contents of jasmine flowers were detected by GC-MS,and the content of active trace elements in soil was detected.The content differences of aroma components in jasmine planted in different regions and the correlation between the content of main aroma components and the content of trace elements in soil activity were analyzed,and the effects of trace elements in different activities on the accumulation of main aroma components were discussed by regression analysis【Result】The aroma components of jasmine in Hengxian of Guangxi mainly included alcohols,esters,aldehydes,ketones,acids,alkanes and others.242 identified volatile compounds were detected from 22 samples in 11 sampling sites.The relative content of(E)-2-hexenal,linalool,benzaldehyde,hexanal and(E)-3-Hexen-1-ol were high with relative contents of 21.72,12.06,5.21,2.75 and 2.37,respectively.The total relative contents of aroma components in samples 3,4,9,10 and 11 were higher than the average value.The results of correlation analysis and regression analysis showed that the contents of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in soil were significant(P<0.05,the same as below)or extremely(P<0.01)negatively correlated with the contents of(E)-2-hexenal,hexanal,octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 2-octanone,and significant positively correlated with the content of hexanoic acid in the top 10 relative contents of jasmine aroma components.【Conclusion】The results showed that there were differences in aroma components and their contents in different planting areas of Hengxian,Guangxi.While there was no obvious correlation between sampling location and aroma components of jasmine.The main aroma components of jasmine flower were alcohols,esters,aldehydes,ketones,acids and alkanes.The increase of soil exchangeable calcium and magnesium content would inhibit the accumulation of(E)-2-hexenal,hexanal,octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 2-octanone in jasmine flowers,while the content of hexanoic acid was increased during the formation and accumulation of aroma components.Therefore,regulating soil exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium content can be used as an important method for the optimization of jasmine planting technology.