不同生态环境下陆地棉株型性状与皮棉产量的关系

Relationship Between Plant Type Traits and Lint Yield in Upland Cotton in Different Ecological Environments

【目的】研究不同生态环境下陆地棉株型性状与皮棉产量的关系,可以为通过株型选择实现棉花的生态穿梭育种提供理论依据。【方法】本研究以百棉1号和TM-1形成的陆地棉重组自交系群体为材料,在山西运城(环境Ⅰ)和河南新乡(环境Ⅱ)2个不同的生态环境下,对陆地棉株型性状与皮棉产量进行了变异、相关、通径和回归分析。【结果】相比株型性状,皮棉产量更易受环境影响;不同环境下总果枝数和有效果枝数与皮棉产量均呈显著正相关;不同环境下株高和有效果枝数对皮棉产量均具有正向直接通径作用,在环境Ⅰ株高的贡献最大,在环境Ⅱ有效果枝数的贡献最大;回归分析进一步证明不同环境下有效果枝数对皮棉产量均有正向显著影响,在环境Ⅰ可通过选择总果枝数和有效果枝数促进高产,在环境Ⅱ可通过选择株高和有效果枝数促进高产。【结论】株高、总果枝数和有效果枝数对皮棉产量的贡献较大,但在不同环境中要注意选择的偏重性。

【Objective】The studding of the relationship between plant type traits and lint yield in upland cotton in different ecological environments can provide theoretical basis for the selection of the ecological shuttle breeding of cotton.【Method】In the present study,the analyses of variation,correlation,path and regression of plant type and lint yield in upland cotton were carried out using a recombinant inbrad line populations raised from Baimian 1 and TM-1,in two different ecological environments,Yuncheng of Shanxi province(environment Ⅰ)and Xinxiang of Henan province(environment Ⅱ).【Result】Lint yield was more affected by environment than plant type traits;Total fruit branches and effective fruit branches in different environments were both significantly positively correlated with lint yield;Plant height and effective fruit branches in different environments had a direct promoting effect on lint yield,with the highest contribution to plant height in environment I and the highest contribution to effective fruit branches in environment II;Regression analysis further proved that effective fruit branches had positive significant effect on lint yield in different environments,however,in environment Ⅰ,total fruit branches and effective fruit branches could be selected to promote high yield,in environment Ⅱ,plant height and effective fruit branches could be selected to promote high yield.【Conclusion】Plant height,total fruit branches and effective fruit branches have great contribution to lint yield,but the emphasis of selection should be paid attention to in different environments.