新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间武汉市医务人员心理资本在职业紧张与抑郁症状间的中介效应

Mediating Effect of Medical Staff's Psychological Capital Between Occupational Stress and Depressive Symptoms in COVID-19 Pandemics in Wuhan

目的:分析医务人员职业紧张、心理资本和抑郁症状的关系,探究心理资本在职业紧张和抑郁症状间的中介效应,为改善该群体身心健康提供理论支持和建议。方法:以武汉市某三级医院医务人员为研究对象,采用流调用自评抑郁量表、付出—回报失衡问卷、心理资本量表以及基本情况问卷分别调查其抑郁症状、职业紧张情况、心理资本和个人基本情况,采用分层回归分析和Bootstrap法探究心理资本在职业紧张和抑郁症状的中介效应。结果:共回收有效问卷228份,心理资本与付出、内在投入、抑郁症状均呈显著负相关(P<0.05),心理资本与回报呈显著正相关(r=0.502,P<0.01),研究对象抑郁症状检出率为60.1%,职业紧张的检出率为17.5%,付出、回报与抑郁症状的关系中,心理资本起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应(ab/c)的百分比分别为36.3%,54.5%。结论:心理资本在医务人员的职业紧张与抑郁症状之间起中介作用,医院管理人员应通过提高医务人员心理资本从而缓解其抑郁症状。

Objective:To analyze the relationship between occupational stress,psychological capital and depression symptoms of medical staff,and to explore the mediating effect of psychological capital in occupational stress and depression symptoms.Methods:Physicians in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan were used as research subjects.The self-assessment depression scale,the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale,the Psychological Capital Scale,and the basic information questionnaire were used to investigate their depression symptoms,occupational stress situation,psychological capital and basic personal situation,using stratified regression analysis and bootstrap method to explore the mediating effect of psychological capital in occupational stress and depression symptoms.Results:A total of 228 valid questionnaires were obtained.Psychological capital was significantly negatively correlated with effort,over-commitment,and depressive symptoms(P<0.05),and psychological capital was significantly positively correlated with reward(r=0.502,P<0.01).The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 60.1%,and the detection rate of occupational stress was 17.5%.In the relationship between effort,reward and depression symptoms,psychological capital played a partial mediating role,and the mediating effect accounted for the total effect(ab/c)was 36.3%and 54.5%,respectively.Conclusion:Psychological capital plays a mediating role between occupational stress and depressive symptoms of medical staff.Hospital administrators should alleviate their depression by increasing the psychological capital of medical staff.