行为转变干预模式对产妇产后幸福感 饮食及哺乳行为的影响

Effect of behavioral change intervention model on happiness,diet,and breastfeeding of postpartum women

目的研究行为转变干预模式对产妇产后幸福感及饮食、哺乳行为的影响。方法抽取2018年4月-2019年3月在医院产后产妇210作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各105例,对照组产妇给予产后常规干预,观察组产妇在对照组基础上采用行为转变干预模式,观察比较两组产妇产后幸福感及饮食、哺乳行为,其中产后幸福感以总体幸福感量表(GWB)评定,饮食结构评估包括谷类、蔬菜、水果、肉禽类、鱼虾、蛋类、大豆坚果类、乳制品、烹调油构成情况,哺乳行为以母乳喂养自我效能简式量表评价。结果观察组产妇GWB总分及对生活的满足和兴趣、对健康的担心、忧郁或愉快的心境、松弛和紧张维度评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组谷类、蔬菜、水果、肉禽类、鱼虾、蛋类、大豆坚果类、乳制品、烹调油差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),肉禽类摄入量均偏高,而谷类、蛋类、乳制品摄入量较低;干预后两组均更倾向于平衡饮食,且观察组改善效果更佳,其肉禽类、鱼虾摄入量显著低于对照组,而谷类、蛋类、乳制品摄入量显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组母乳喂养自我效能总分及喂养技能维度、内心活动维度评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论行为转变干预模式对产妇产后状况具有积极的影响,能够增强产妇产后幸福感,有助于平衡膳食,提高母乳喂养自我效能。

Objective To research the effect of behavioral change intervention model on happiness,diet,and breastfeeding of postpartum women.Methods A total of 210 postpartum women were selected from People’s Hospital of Lin’an District from April 2018 to March 2019,then they were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table,105 patients in each group.The postpartum women in control group were given routine postpartum intervention,the postpartum women in observation group were given behavioral change intervention model based on routine postpartum intervention.The happiness,diet,and breastfeeding of postpartum women in the two groups were observed and compared.Postpartum happiness was evaluated by GWB scale;dietary structure evaluation included compositions of grain,vegetables,fruits,meat of poultries,fish and shrimp,eggs,beans and nuts,dairy products,and cooking oil;breastfeeding was evaluated by breastfeeding self-efficacy scale.Results The total score of GWB scale,scores of life satisfaction and interest,worrying about health,melancholia or happiness,relaxation and tension dimensions in observation group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in compositions of grain,vegetables,fruits,meat of poultries,fish and shrimp,eggs,beans and nuts,dairy products,and cooking oil between the two groups(P>0.05),the intake of meat of poultries was high,while the intakes of grain,eggs,and dairy products were low;after intervention,diet compositions in the two groups tended to be balanced,the improvement effect in observation group was better,the intakes of meat of poultries,fish and shrimp in observation group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group,while the intakes of grain,eggs,and dairy products were statistically significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The total score of breastfeeding self-efficacy scale,the scores of breastfeeding skills and psychological activity dimensions in observation group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Behavioral change intervention model has active impact on postpartum women,which can enhance postpartum happiness,balance diet,and improve breastfeeding self-efficacy.