基于频谱特征分析的起重机械啃轨故障监测研究

Research on Track-gnawing Fault Monitoring of Crane based on Spectrum Characteristic Analysis

本文提出一种基于仿真建模与频谱特征分析相结合的啃轨故障监测方法.首先从车轮和轨道的制造和安装误差等方面分析了啃轨故障的成因,总结影响规律.分析轮轨耦合动力学关系,建立轮轨动力学模型.以轮轨动力学模型为基础,利用LabVIEW开发环境,本文设计了起重机械行走机构的动力学仿真程序,分别对正常运行、轨道缺陷与啃轨故障条件下的仿真结果进行分析,验证了该动力学模型能够反映故障条件下轮轨受力与振动关系,并分析出时域、频域信号特征,用来监测轨道缺陷与啃轨故障.

This paper presents a rail gnawing fault monitoring method based on simulation modeling and spectrum characteristic analysis.Firstly,the causes of rail gnawing faults are analyzed from the aspects of manufacturing and installation errors of wheels and rails,and the influencing rules are summarized.The wheel-rail coupling dynamic relationship is analyzed,and the wheel-rail dynamic model is established.Based on the wheel-rail dynamic model,using LabVIEW development environment,this paper designed the dynamic simulation program of crane walking mechanism,and analyzed the simulation results under the conditions of normal operation,track defect and track gnawing fault respectively.It was verified that the dynamic model could reflect the relationship between wheel-rail stress and vibration under fault conditions,and analyzed the signal characteristics in time domain and frequency domain,which could be used to monitor track defect and track gnawing fault.