英国独立学派的领袖:温尼科特的思想传统及其历史效应

Thoughts of Donald Winnicott as the Leader of the Independents School in Britain and Their Historical Effects

英国精神分析独立学派是以批判性地吸收和发展精神分析理论和技术为宗旨、遵循客体关系思想取向的精神分析师团体。温尼科特是英国著名的儿科医生、精神分析师和培训分析师,他被公认为是独立学派的领导者,其思想发展经历了绝对依赖、相对依赖和朝向独立三个阶段。他基于丰富临床经验提出独具创新的儿童心理发展理论,在精神分析理论和实践方面都作出了重要贡献。温尼科特的思想已形成一种传统或取向,对同时代及后来的精神分析师产生了广泛且深远的影响。

The British School of Independents is a group of psychoanalysts that critically absorb and develop psychoanalytic theories and techniques,and adhere to the orientation of object relation.Donald W.Winnicott is a famous psychoanalyst and training analyst.He is widely recognized as a leader of the Independents.Winnicott s professional career went through three stages:absolute dependence,relative dependence and towards independence.Based on his rich clinical experience,Winnicott put forward his unique and innovative theory of child psychological development,which has made important contributions to the theory and practice of psychoanalysis.Winnicott s thought has already formed a kind of“Winnicottian tradition”or“Winnicottian approach”,which has a wide and far-reaching influence on contemporary and later psychoanalysts.