昆明市儿童肺炎支原体感染流行特点分析

Epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumonia infection in children in Kunming

目的:研究昆明市儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染流行病学特点,提高对该地区儿童MP感染的预防意识及认知,为临床MP感染诊治提供依据。方法:通过回顾性分析2015年~2019年昆明市儿童医院诊断为呼吸道感染的患儿肺炎支原体(MP)抗体检测结果,分析不同季节、不同性别和年龄儿童MP抗体检出情况。结果:2015年~2019年昆明市儿童肺炎支原体感染的特点是全年均有感染,平均感染率约为32%,各年检出阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。冬季发病最高秋季次之,秋冬季节感染率高于春夏季节,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),但夏季的感染也不容忽视。MP感染发生在各年龄段,<1岁婴幼儿感染率低,随着年龄的增加,感染率不断增高,且女童比男童的感染率高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:肺炎支原体感染是昆明市儿童呼吸道感染的常见病原体,儿童呼吸道MP感染与地理环境、季节、年龄及性别有一定相关性。因此可根据流行病学发病趋势早发现、早诊断、早治疗,尽早消除MP的影响,达到控制疾病的效果。

Objective By studying the epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Kunming,the prevention awareness and awareness of MP infection in children in this area were improved,and the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of MP infection was provided.Method Based on the retrospective analysis of the detection results of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)antibodies in children diagnosed with respiratory infections from 2015 to 2019 in Kunming Children's Hospital,the detection of MP antibodies in children of different seasons,genders and ages was analyzed.Results The characteristics of children's Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Kunming from 2015 to 2019 are characterized by infection throughout the year,with an average infection rate of about 32%,and the difference in the positive rate detected in each year is statistically significant(P<0.001),the infection rate in autumn and winter was higher than that in spring and summer,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.0001),but summer infections cannot be ignored.MP infection occurs in all ages,and the infection rate was lower in infants and young children<1 year old.With the increase of age,the infection rate continues to increase,and the infection rate of girls was higher than that of boys.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is a common pathogen of respiratory infections in children in Kunming.Children's respiratory tract MP infection is related to geographic environment,season,age and gender,Therefore,according to the epidemiological trend,early detection,early diagnosis,early treatment,early elimination of the effects of MP,and better control of the disease can be achieved.