结直肠癌平均风险人群结直肠息肉分布特征及腺瘤检出率分析

Analysis of the distribution of colorectal polys and the detection rate of adenoma in average risk population of colorectal cancer

目的获得不同性别结直肠癌平均风险人群结直肠息肉、腺瘤、高风险腺瘤检出率的年龄分布。方法选取2016年1月1日至2019年9月29日就诊于石河子大学第一附属医院行结肠镜检查的无症状健康体检者临床资料,不同性别、年龄的组间、组内各检出率的比较均采用χ^(2)检验。结果共有1069例患者纳入研究,息肉检出率为37.8%、腺瘤检出率为18.4%,高风险腺瘤检出率为3.1%。患者年龄增长的同时伴随着息肉、腺瘤及高风险腺瘤检出率均显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性息肉、腺瘤及高风险腺瘤检出率[46.5%(242/520)、22.3%(116/520)、4.6%(24/520)]均显著高于女性[29.5%(162/549)、14.8%(81/549)、1.6%(9/549)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。特定年龄段男性腺瘤检出率与小10岁的女性腺瘤检出率相当。结论结直肠癌平均风险人群息肉、腺瘤及高风险腺瘤检出率随着年龄的增长呈线性升高趋势,男性息肉、腺瘤及高风险腺瘤检出率均较女性高发。女性结直肠癌平均风险人群最佳筛查年龄可能比男性晚。

Objective To obtain the age distribution of the detection rate of colorectal polyps,adenomas and high-risk adenomas in the average risk population of colorectal cancer of different sexes.Methods Search for the data of asymptomatic physical examination patients who underwent colonoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from January 1,2016 to September 29,2019,Use the chi-square test to compare the detection rates of colorectal polyps,adenomas,and high-risk adenomas among people of different ages and genders.Results A total of 1069 patients were included in the study and the detection rate of polyps was 37.8%,adenomas 18.4%,and high-risk adenomas was 3.1%.With the increase of age,the detection rate of polyps,adenomas and high-risk adenomas all showed a significant upward trend,and the trend chi-square test was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of polyps,adenomas and high-risk adenomas in men were significantly higher than those in women,which were[46.5%(242/520)vs.29.5%(162/549)],[22.3%(116/520)vs.14.8%(81/549)],[4.6%(24/520)vs.1.6%(9/549)],the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),The detection rate of male adenomas in a certain age group is equivalent to that of females 10 years younger.Conclusion The detection rates of polyps,adenomas,and high-risk adenomas in people at average risk of colorectal cancer increase linearly with age.The incidence of polyps,adenomas and high-risk adenomas in males is higher than that in females.The optimal screening age for colorectal cancer in women may be later than that in men.