拔牙窝内植入不同深度骨水平种植体周围软硬组织改建的组织形态变化

Hard and soft tissue alterations around bone-level implants with different depths in fresh extraction sockets: a histomorphometric study

目的:比较新鲜拔牙窝内植入不同深度种植体后软、硬组织的变化。方法:6只成年拉布拉多犬的双侧前磨牙拔除后,立即将24颗种植体以不同深度植入拔牙窝内。将StraumannR骨水平种植体按以下不同深度植入拔牙窝—颊侧牙槽嵴下2 mm,颊侧牙槽嵴下1 mm,与牙槽嵴齐平,以及颊侧牙槽嵴上方1 mm。愈合6个月后采集样本,获得未脱钙切片,进行组织学观察、测量,获得垂直骨吸收和生物学宽度。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:所有种植体均获得成功骨结合。骨吸收以种植体植入牙槽嵴下2 mm处最显著(P<0.05)。以不同深度植入时,生物学宽度无显著差别。结论:在新鲜拔牙窝内植入种植体时,不同植入深度对骨吸收有影响。当植入深度为骨下2 mm时,骨吸收最多。

PURPOSE: To investigate the alterations of soft and hard tissue around implants with different insertion depth. METHODS: Bilateral premolars of 6 adult Labrador dogs were extracted and 24 implants were immediately placed into the extraction sockets with various insertion depths. StraumannRBone Level(BL) implants were positioned at 4 levels:2 mm below, 1 mm below, flush with, and 1 mm above the alveolar crest. Six months after implant placement, all animals were sacrificed to obtain undecalcified block sections for histological analysis. Vertical bone loss and biologic width were recorded. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: All implants osseointegrated uneventfully.The most significant bone resorption was observed when implants were inserted 2 mm below the buccal wall of the sockets(P<0.05). No significant difference in biologic widths was found. CONCLUSIONS: The insertion depths appeared to have influence on bone remodeling around implants in fresh extraction sockets. More pronounced vertical bone resorption was observed when implants were inserted 2 mm below the buccal alveolar ridge.