藏族大学生国家通用语学习动机影响因素及作用机制——基于扎根理论的研究

Influencing Factors and Mechanism of National Lingua Franca Learning Motivation of Tibetan College Students——Research Based on Grounded Theory

少数民族大学生国家通用语学习既关系到其自身的发展,也关系到民族团结、边疆稳定。本研究以"藏族大学生国家通用语学习动机的影响因素是什么"为问题开展研究,在对藏族大学生进行深入访谈的基础上,使用扎根理论对相关访谈资料自下而上地构建了藏族大学生国家通用语学习动机的影响因素体系。研究发现,自我认知、文化认知、学业基础、社群影响、语言环境等由内而外的5个维度要素对藏族大学生国家通用语学习动机产生影响。从5个维度之间的关系来看,语言环境对文化认知产生影响,学业基础对学习动机的作用受到自我认知的调节,社群影响对学习动机的作用受到自我认知的调节。基于上述结论,本研究提出如下策略:(1)创建规范丰富的校园语用环境;(2)提高高校教师的德行修养;(3)合理利用并发挥社交媒体的价值;(4)积极引导藏族大学生树立高远目标;(5)提升藏族大学生国家通用语效能感;(6)帮助藏族大学生树立开放的语言文化观。

The study of national lingua franca for ethnic college students is not only related to their own development,but also to national unity and stability in the frontier regions. This study focuses on the issue of "what are the influencing factors of the learning motivation of Tibetan college students? ". On the basis of indepth interviews with Tibetan college students,the article adopts grounded theory to study the influencing factors of learning motivation of Tibetan college students’ national lingua franca through. It is found that the five dimensions of self-cognition,cultural cognition,academic foundation,community influence and language environment influence the learning motivation of Tibetan college students. From the relationship in five dimensions,the language environment has an impact on cultural cognition,the role of academic foundation on learning motivation is regulated by self-cognition,and the role of community influence on learning motivation is regulated by self-cognition. Based on the above conclusions,the following strategies are proposed at the macro and micro levels: 1) to create a standardized and rich campus pragmatic environment;2) to improve the moral cultivation of college teachers;3) to rationally use and promote the value of social media;4) to actively guide Tibetan college students to set up high goals;5) to enhance the sense of effectiveness of the national lingua franca of Tibetan college students;and 6) to facilitate Tibetan college students to establish an open language and culture view.