来华非洲留学研究生学术适应问题探究——以坦桑尼亚为例

Research on Academic Adaptation of African Postgraduates in China:A Case Study of Tanzanian Students

学术适应是国际留学生在异文化社会中求学普遍面临的问题。本研究以实地调查资料为依据,对北京市高等学校中非洲留学研究生的学术适应状况及影响因素进行探讨。研究发现,非洲留学研究生在华求学过程并没有遭遇严峻的学术适应挑战,绝大部分学生都能较为顺利地完成学业毕业回国,呈现出一种特殊的学术适应形态,这主要与我国对非洲留学研究生良好物质经济的支持、英文授课项目的设置、教学培养标准的降低、完善的教学管理与服务以及留学生本人的努力、内群体的支持等主客观因素有关。为进一步提高来华非洲留学研究生的培养质量和学术适应能力,高校还需要在严格来华留学生教学培养标准、加强非教职人员国际化建设、提高来华留学生中文水平、增加来华留学生科研参与机会等方面作出较多改善。

Academic adaptation is a common problem for international students to study in a different cultural society. Based on the field research material,this paper discusses the academic adaptation and influencing factors of African postgraduates in universities in Beijing. The study found that African postgraduates did not encounter rigorous academic adaptation challenges during their study in China. Most of them could successfully complete their studies and return home after graduation,thus showing a specific academic adaptation. This is mainly due to China’s good material and economic support for African graduate students,the setting of English teaching programs,the lowering of teaching and training requirements,the improvement of teaching management and service,the efforts of overseas students themselves as well as mutual supports among their subculture groups. In order to further improve the training quality and academic adaptability of African postgraduates in China,colleges and universities need to enhance the teaching and training requirement for international students,strengthen the construction of international non-teaching staff,improve the Chinese level of international students,and increase the opportunities for international students to participate in scientific research.