水利工程建设施工班组安全氛围量表研究

On the safety climatic scale of the construction team in charge of hydraulic engineering projects

为有效提高水利工程建设的安全管理能力,基于SHEL(软件、硬件、环境、人员)模型,从4个角度划分出7个维度,设计了水利工程建设施工班组安全氛围量表;对湖南省湘江流域数个大型航电枢纽项目的各施工班组的工人进行问卷调研,并利用相关软件分析所收集的数据,采用探索性因子分析法确定安全氛围的维度。结果表明:水利工程建设施工班组安全氛围的主要影响因素包括安全制度建设、设备设施管理、安全教育考核、事故预防与处理、人员沟通与态度5个方面;该量表从施工班组的角度出发,对安全氛围进行有效测量,可为水利建设单位的安全管理工作提供依据,提高安全管理水平。

The given paper is inclined to improve effectively the safety management level and ability for the hydraulic engineering projects. To achieve the purpose,7 aspects have to be traced by dividing the problem of the safety management from the following4 aspects,that is,the software,the hardware,the environment and the living condition based on the SHEL model. Furthermore,the so called 7 dimensions can be referred to as: the construction team safety system formulation,and the construction site cultural safety installation and facility creation in addition to the daily usage,maintenance and management of the field equipment,education and monitoring of the construction site safety,the identification and assessment of the hazard and risk liability sources. Based on the above mentioned 7 factors,a suggestion has been brought about to lay out an initial scale for the safety climate construction team for protecting the hydraulic projects under way. The above mentioned scale or proposal can be used to survey the behaviors and performance of the various construction teams in the related large-scale navigation-power junction projects in Xiangjiang River,Hunan,with a total of 255 valid questionnaires scattered to do the proper investigations as well as to analyze the questionnaires data collected via the software known as SPSS and AMOS. Checking and testing the reliability and validity of the questionnaire,the reliability and validity of the questionnaire investigation proves highly valuable. Furthermore,the investigation factor analysis results show that the 33 items of the initial scale can be regulated and reduced into 27 items,and later integrate the 27 items summed up into 5 aspects,namely: the safety system construction,the equipment and facility management,the accident prevention and recovery,the safety education assessment, the inter-personnel communications and attitudes. What is more,the revised 5-D scale has been managed to pass the reliability and validity test and factor analysis,so as to build up a 5-factor model for the confirmation and acknowledgement of the leading institutions. The analysis results show that the main factors affecting the safety of the construction team of the water conservancy projects may include: the safety system construction,the equipment and facility management,the safety education assessment,the accident prevention and aftermath treatment,The said effective safety atmosphere measuring criteria are made of 5 aspects of the members’ mutual friendship and communication rules;the communication chance provision from the perspective of the construction team,which can be expected to provide a basis for the safety management of the water conservancy construction units and heighten the safety management level.