江西省土壤阳离子交换量区域分布特征及其影响因素

Regional Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Jiangxi

研究江西省土壤阳离子交换量区域分布特征及其影响因素,为今后江西省土壤地力提升采取合理的培肥措施提供理论依据。采用乙酸铵交换法测定江西省土壤耕层367个土样的阳离子交换量,分析其区域分布特征。结果表明:(1)江西省旱地和稻田土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)含量变幅较大,土壤CEC含量小于10.5 cmol(+)/kg的占比高达82.02%,保肥性弱的稻田土壤比旱地高2.46%。(2)从各区域保肥力中等的土壤占比来看,江西省各区域旱地土壤和稻田土壤CEC含量分布高度一致,表现为赣西>赣中>赣北>赣东北>赣南。(3)江西省土壤阳离子交换量主要受有机质、全N显著(P<0.05)影响,其次是土壤p H、速效N、速效K、全P、全K的影响,而有效P的影响力最小。江西省耕地土壤保肥能力弱,旱地保肥能力略强于稻田。

To improve soil fertility in Jiangxi Province,the regional distribution characteristics of soil cation exchange capacity and the influencing factors were studied.The ammonium acetate exchange method was used to determine the cation exchange capacity of 367 soil samples in surface soil and analyzed their regional distribution characteristics.The results showed that:(1)the content of soil cation exchange capacity in dry soil and paddy soil had a large variation,and the proportion of soil CEC content less than 10.5 cmol(+)/kg was as high as 82.02%,the paddy soil with low capability of conserving fertilizer was 2.46%higher than that of dry soil;(2)according to the proportion of soil with medium capability of conserving fertilizer,the distribution of CEC content in dry soil and paddy soil in Jiangxi was highly consistent,with the order of west Jiangxi>central Jiangxi>north Jiangxi>northeast Jiangxi>south Jiangxi;(3)the soil cation exchange capacity in Jiangxi was mainly affected by organic matter and total N(P<0.05),followed by soil p H,available N,available K,total P and total K,while available P had the least influence.In Jiangxi Province,the capability of conserving fertilizer of cultivated land is weak,and the capability of conserving fertilizer of dry soil is slightly stronger than that of paddy soil.