《井中弥漫着什么秘密》中生态哲学思想的词汇语法体现

Lexico-grammatical Realization of Ecosophy in the Nature Poem of What Mystery Pervades a Well

生态话语分析模式以及系统功能语言学的三大元功能理论,有助于对艾米莉•狄金森自然诗歌《井中弥漫着什么秘密》(What Mystery Pervades a Well)的生态哲学观解读,及其现实意义探讨。诗歌主要通过三大过程的运用体现了“人与自然”“非人类生命体与自然”等关系。在诗人笔下,自然被赋予了神秘与可怕的特征,反映出人与自然的陌生与疏离。同时,诗歌中的感叹语气、不同值情态词以及其它语言或非语言手段的使用也传递了自然的不可捉摸性。此外,诗歌中小句的主位多为非人类生命体和物理性要素、“自然”和“植物”的拟人化照应手段频繁出现,都体现出“尊重自然”的生态哲学观。诗人借“小草”和“莎草”面对自然毫不胆怯的态度,表明人类要尊重而非侵犯自然的生态保护型场所观。

In the dimensions of Systemic Functional Grammar,the application of the ecological analytical framework of discourse is conducive to the interpretation of the eco-pattern and the ecosophy implied in the lines of Emily Dickinson's nature poem What Mystery Pervades a Well,as well as its significance to mankind.It is found that there are three types of transitivity process in this poem which mainly involve the relations of“human and nature”,“nature and nonhuman organism”.Nature in this poem is described mysterious and scary to humans.In addition,the image of nature constructed in the poem is highlighted by the exclamative clauses,and the words with different degrees of modality value are used to imply that nature is also unfathomable.Besides,there are two main participants functioning as theme:nonhuman organism and physical places.And the frequent use of reference is to personify“nature”and“the specific plants”as“her”and“he”respectively.All these mean that nature should be respected.Moreover,by singing high praise for“the grass”and“the sedge”which give no evidence of fear towards nature,the poet indicates that all human beings should follow the natural rules rather than infringe upon nature.