不同新闻阅读载体对关注点、临场感、信任与态度极化的影响

Effects of Different News Reading Media on News Focus,Social Presence,Trustworthiness and Attitude Polarization

20年来人们阅读新闻的载体从纸质报纸过渡到手机新闻客户端,新闻阅读载体的变迁不仅仅是简单的内容迁移,其背后还有着更为深刻的效应,现研究试图在纸媒没落的历史节点检视这一变迁已经及可能带来的社会影响。采用短期跟踪和田野实验结合的方法,对阅读纸质报纸和使用手机新闻客户端阅读新闻的效应进行模拟比较。这一探索研究发现:纸质报纸与手机新闻客户端导致两组被试新闻关注点的差异,纸质报纸阅读组对政治议题的关注度显著高于手机App阅读组,手机App阅读组对法制、文化艺术、休闲娱乐等议题的关注度显著高于纸质报纸阅读组;相比阅读纸质报纸,使用手机新闻客户端导致受众感知的社会临场感减弱,对人性的感知和判断更为消极;但未发现使用手机新闻客户端阅读会导致受众态度更趋极化。

In the past 20 years,the carrier of people reading news has transitioned from paper newspapers to mobile news clients.The change of news reading carriers is not simply a content migration,but also contains more profound effects.This article attempts to examine the change and its social impact at the time of the decline of paper media.Using a combination of short-term tracking and field experiments,the effects of reading paper newspapers and using mobile news clients to read news were simulated and compared.This exploratory study found that paper newspapers and mobile news clients led to differences in the news focus of the two groups of subjects.The paper newspaper reading group paid significantly more attention to political issues than the mobile app reading group.Also,the mobile app reading group was more concerned about the legal system,the culture and art,entertainment and other topics,and the group paid more attention than the paper newspaper reading group;compared to reading paper newspapers,using mobile news clients leads to a weaker audience’s perception of social presence and a more negative perception and judgment of human nature.However,it has not been found yet that using mobile news client to read will lead to more polarized attitudes of the audience.