典型草原区近54年气候变化特征分析

Characteristics of Climate Change in Typical Steppe Region in Recent 54 Years

选取锡林浩特国家气候观象台1961—2014年逐年平均气温、平均风速、年日照时数、年降水量等资料,利用线性倾向估计数理统计方法,分析典型草原区近54年气候变化特征。结果表明:锡林浩特地区1961—2014年近54年的平均气温变化呈显著上升趋势,增温速率为0.37℃/10年;降水量呈弱减少趋势,变化速率为-8.12 mm/10年;平均日照时数年际变化极其显著,变化速率为24.1 h/10年;风速年际变化呈微弱减小趋势,变化速率为-0.02(m/s)/10年。

Based on the annual average temperature,average wind speed,annual sunshine hours,annual precipitation and other data of Xilinhot National Climate Observatory from 1961 to 2014,this paper analyzesd the climate change characteristics of typical grassland area in recent 54 years by using the mathematical statistics method of linear trend estimation.The results showed that:during 1961~2014,the average temperature in Xilinhot region showed a significant upward trend,with a warming rate of 0.37℃/10 year;the precipitation showed a weak downward trend,with a change rate of-8.12 mm/10 year;the interannual variation of average sunshine hours was extremely significant,with a change rate of 24.1 h/10 year;the interannual variation of wind speed showed a weak downward trend,with a change rate of-0.02(m/s)/10 year.