骨髓增生异常综合征患者人文关怀需求及其影响因素分析

Analysis of humanistic care needs of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and its influencing factors

目的观察骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者人文关怀需求现状,分析影响患者人文关怀需求的因素。方法前瞻选取2018年4月—2019年12月中国人民解放军总医院收治的92例MDS患者,使用自制问卷调查患者的人文关怀需求现状并分为需求较高组和需求较低组。将全部可能因素纳入,经单因素与多因素找出人文关怀需求影响因素。结果本研究纳入92例MDS患者,需求较高组有24例,需求较低组有68例。需求较高组女性、子女为主要照顾者、文化程度(高中及以上)占比均高于需求较低组,住院次数多于需求较低组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、子女为主要照顾者、文化程度较高、住院次数多均可能是MDS患者人文关怀高需求的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论女性、子女为主要照顾者、文化程度较高、住院次数多的MDS患者可能存在人文关怀高需求的情况,临床应重视这类患者人文关怀需求评估与早期干预。

Objective To observe the status quo of humanistic care needs of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS),and to analyze the factors that affect the humanistic care needs of patients.Methods A total of 92 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome admitted to Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from April 2018 to December 2019 were prospectively selected as the research subjects,the self-made humanistic care demand questionnaire was used to investigate the current situation of patients’humanistic care needs,and the patients were divided in to higher-demand group and lower-demand group,taken all possible factors into consideration,through single factor and multi factor,the influencing factors of humanistic care demand were searched.Results This study included 92 patients with MDS.There were 24 cases in the higher-demand group and 68 cases in the lower-demand group.The proportion of women in the group,their children being the main caregivers,and education level(high school and above)were higher than those of the lower-demand group,while the number of hospitalizations was more than that of the lower-demand group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that females,children as the main caregivers,higher education level,and more hospitalizations were factors influenced the high demand for humanistic care in MDS patients(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion MDS patients with females and children as the main caregivers,higher education level,and frequent hospitalizations may have a high demand for humanistic care.The clinic should pay attention to the assessment of humanistic care needs of such patients and early intervention.