成果导向教育的理论渊源与发展应用

Outcome-based Education:Theoretical Origin,Development and Application

成果导向教育是美国20世纪教育改革思潮的产物,深受功利主义和实用主义哲学思想的影响。在高等教育的变迁中,质量问责与国际化人才流动从外部推动了成果导向教育推广的进程。建构主义学习理论对传统教学模式的冲击,促使成果导向教育从外部问责的要求逐步过渡到大学自身变革的必需。一致性建构为成果导向教育在高等教育的实践指出了一种路径:一方面,关注预期学习成果,注重教育教学实效性和教学评价的一致性;另一方面,关注学生主动建构、思维养成与创新精神。

Outcome-based education is the product of educational reform in the 20th century in the United States,which is deeply influenced by utilitarianism and pragmatism.In the transition of higher education,quality accountability and international talent flow have promoted the process of outcome-based education promotion from the outside.The impact of constructivist learning theory on the traditional teaching mode has promoted the gradual transition of outcome-based education from the requirement of external accountability to the necessity of university’s own reform.constructive alignment points out a way for the practice of outcome-based education in higher education:on the one hand,it pays attention to the expected learning outcomes,the effectiveness of education,and the alignment of teaching,learning and assessment;on the other hand,it pays attention to students’active construction,thinking formation and innovative spirit.