卡夫卡小说中的物理空间构建

On the Construction of Physical Space in Kafka’s Novels

物理空间具有时间所没有的画面感与动作性,亦可表现人物的生存境遇。卡夫卡小说呈现了许多典型性的物理空间,如城堡、法庭、法门、铁笼及地洞等。这些物理空间既具有象征意味,又是自主言说的主体。小说中的物理空间体现为私人空间、过渡空间与公共空间三个领域,具有压抑感、延展性与隐喻性的特点。物理空间的构建作为有意味的形式、社会历史和情感的载体以及人物活动的场域共同参与文本书写,促进了文本意义的生成。

Physical space has a sense of picture and action that time does not have,and can also express the living circumstances of characters.Kafka’s novels present many typical physical spaces,such as castles,courts,gates,iron cages and holes in the ground.These physical spaces are not only of symbolic meaning but also are the speech subject of their own.The physical space in the novel is embodied in such three fields as private space,transition space and public space,which are characterized by depression,extensibility and metaphor respectively.The construction of physical space,as the carrier of meaningful form,social history and emotion,the field of character activities and the participation in text writing,promotes the generation of text meaning.