20世纪美国博物馆的明清家具收藏

Ming and Qing Furniture Collections in 20th Century American Museums

随着西方对中国艺术兴趣的日益增加,整个20世纪美国博物馆的收藏也呈现出不同的特点。本文通过回顾20世纪美国博物馆的收藏历程以及个案研究,阐述了那一时期的收藏家们对于收藏品的细致论证与研究,以及美国收藏家们传播中国艺术趣味,这吸引了社会大众对明清家具的关注,使国内将明清家具纳入中国艺术史的框架中考察与研究。以20世纪美国博物馆的明清家具收藏为对象,整理20世纪博物馆的收藏历程,重点罗列各时期美国博物馆收藏明清家具的特点,并以美国知名收藏家作为个案,分析美国博物馆开始收藏明清家具时,身处中国的西方收藏者被何种“收藏动机”所驱动。

With the growing interest of Western people in Chinese art,American museum collections throughout the 20th century took on a different character.Through a review of the history about American museum collections and case studies in 20th century,this essay illustrates the meticulous argumentation and study of collections during that period,as well as the dissemination of Chinese art interests by American collectors,which attracted the attention of society at large to Ming and Qing dynasty furniture and led to the examination and study of Ming and Qing dynasty furniture in China within the framework of Chinese art history.We take the collection of Ming and Qing dynasty furniture in American museums in the 20th century as an object while review the collection history of museums in the 20th century,focusing on the characteristics of Ming and Qing dynasty furniture collected in American museums in each period.Also,it analyzes what kind of“collecting motivation”Western collectors in China were driven by when American museums started collecting Ming and Qing dynasty furniture,using well-known American collectors as case studies.