三江侗族文化元素在戏台设施设计中的应用研究

Application of Cultural Elements of Dong Nationality in the Design of Dong’s Play Stage Facilities

本文研究广西三江侗族文化元素在侗族戏台公共设施设计中的运用方法,为传统古村落标志性建筑的公共设施设计提供参考,也为侗族文化传承提供路径。通过对三江侗族马安寨戏台公共设施现状的分析发现公共设施存在的问题,戏台公共设施建设的不充分,公共设施设计的文化承载欠缺;将三江侗族文化元素从场域文化、物质文化、信仰文化与民俗文化等方面进行整理分类。从图案纹样、服饰色彩、工艺结构等方面解读侗族文化元素的民族特色。探索侗族文化中的色彩、图腾、材质、结构等元素在戏台公共设施设计中的运用方法。通过运用侗锦、鼓楼、木锤、芦笙等侗族文化元素结合分解重构、复制阵列、渐变连续等设计手法设计出多耶长凳、太阳椅、八角公示亭、木锤音响、鱼纹芦笙灯五个公共设施。通过侗族文化元素对戏台公共设施设计进行研究,让公共设施富有侗族文化以达到传播三江侗族文化的目的,同时也为其他民族文化在其他方面融合设计提供参考。

This paper will study the application method of Dong cultural elements in the design of the public facilities of Dong’s play stage to provide a reference for the design of public facilities of landmark buildings in traditional ancient villages.It will also provide a path for the inheritance of Dong culture.Through the analysis of the current situation of public facilities in Ma’an Village in Sanjiang,the problems of public facilities were found,such as the inadequate construction of public facilities of the play stage and the lack of cultural bearing in the design of public facilities.The cultural elements of Sanjiang’s Dong nationality are sorted from the aspects of field culture,material culture,belief culture,and folk culture.The national characteristics of Dong cultural elements are explained from the aspects of patterns,dress colors,and craft structures.The paper explores the application method of color,totem,material,the structure of Dong culture in the design of stage public facilities.Using Dong brocade,drum tower,wooden hammer,Sheng(a windpipe),and other Dong cultural elements,five public facilities were designed via multiple design methods such as decomposition and reconstruction,replication array,gradual succession,and so on.The five facilities are Duoye bench,lounge chair,octagon pavilion,wooden-hammer shaped acoustic equipment,Sheng lamp with fish patterns.The design of public facilities of the play stage is studied through the Dong cultural elements.It hopes to enrich the cultural elements in public facilities to achieve the purpose of spreading the Dong culture,and at the same time provide a reference for other ethnic cultures in other aspects of integration design.