茶树草螺菌促生剂的发酵制备与促生效果研究

Fermentation preparation and growth-promoting effects of the tea-plant growth promoter of Herbaspirillum camelliae

茶树内生草螺菌(Herbaspirillum camelliae)促进茶树生根和长芽,有可能开发出一种新型的绿色生物促生剂.在温度34℃、转速200 r/min、pH7.0、通气量1 vvm条件下,使用LB培养基进行发酵罐发酵,生产出OD600值为2.2的细菌发酵液.用LB培养基稀释发酵液至OD600值为1.0,再加入1%甘油即为茶树草螺菌促生剂.促生剂较稳定,可在常温下(25~27℃)存放15 d.用1∶1(V水∶V促生剂=1∶1)稀释后浸泡茶树扦插杆,扦插苗成活率达88.5%,比对照组高15.3%.不定根数目池增加40%~50%,且扦插苗的长度增加30%.用1∶2(V清水∶V促生剂=1∶2)的工作液喷洒修剪后的大田茶树,喷洒量为64.5 mL/m2.33333.5 m2(50亩)示范地的结果显示,每666.67 m2(1亩)嫩芽重量增加82%,比阳性对照组还高4%,且促生效果可维持一年.茶叶成分检测显示,茶多酚、咖啡碱、氨基酸等主要成分均无显著性变化(P>0.05).由此可见,茶树草螺菌促生剂值得在茶树生产中广泛推广应用.

Herbaspirillum camelliae promotes the growth and development of adventitious roots and buds of tea plants,thus it is possible to develop a new type of green biological growth-promoting agent.On the base of our previous studies,H.camelliae WT00C was fermented in LB medium at 34℃,200 r/min,pH7.0,the ventilation of 1 vvm to the ferment product with the OD600 of 2.2.The ferment product was diluted with fresh LB medium to the OD600 of 1.0,and then 1%glycerol was added to form the growth-promoting agent of H.camelliae.The growth-promoting agent was stable for 15 days under 25~37℃.The cutting rods of tea plant were soaked in the growth-promoting agent diluted with water(Vwater∶Vagent=1∶1),the seedling rate was approached to 88.5%,which was 15.3%more than the control group.Number of adventitious roots and length of cutting seedlings were 40%~50%and 30%more than those for the control group.The field tea pruned by a shearing machine was sprayed with the growth-promoting agent diluted with water(Vwater∶Vagent=1∶2),and the spraying rate was 64.5 mL/m2.The results from the demonstration field of 33333.5 m2 showed the shoot weight increased 82%compared to the negative control and 4%compared to the positive control,and the promoting effect of the growth-promoting agent was kept for a year.The test of tea components revealed that tea polyphenols,caffeine,amino acids and other main ingredients did not show any difference(P>0.05).Thus,the growth-promoting agent of H.camelliae is really worth applicating and disseminating widely in tea production.