Effect of operating parameters on the performance of thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery for low-temperature waste heat recovery

This study investigated the important factors that affect the operating parameters of thermally regenerative ammoniabased batteries(TRABs),including the metal electrode type,membrane type,electrode surface area,electrode distance,electrolyte concentration,and ammonia concentration.The experimental results showed that the maximum power density of TRABs with a Cu electrode was 40.0 W·m^(2),which was considerably higher than that with Ni(0.34 W·m^(2))and Co(0.14 W·m^(2))electrodes.TRABs with an anion exchange membrane had a 28.6%higher maximum power density than those with a cation exchange membrane.An increased electrode surface resulted in an increased maximum power but a decreased maximum power density.Within a certain range,TRAB performance was enhanced with decreased electrode distance and increased electrolyte concentration.An increased ammonia concentration resulted in enhanced ammonia transfer and improved the TRAB performance.