长三角城市群技术转移的空间格局及模式演变

Spatial Pattern and Evolution of Technology Transfer in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

探究区域技术转移的时空演变模式是经济地理学关注的重要议题。其中,城市作为创新要素流动的核心节点,彼此间相互作用和相互联系形成的技术转移网络成为重要的研究内容。本文基于2005—2015年的专利转移数据,利用社会网络和地理空间分析方法,深度刻画了长三角城市群26个城市的技术转移时空格局,在此基础上抽象概括出技术转移的空间模式演变。研究发现:①长三角城市群技术转移网络日趋紧凑和密切,技术转移格局大致符合等级扩散规律,同时存在省内转移、邻近转移现象;②技术转移通道逐渐形成以上海、南京和杭州为核心的“Z”字形技术转移格局,同时向苏北和浙南地区扩张。上海、苏州、南京、杭州、宁波等核心城市间的技术转移活动十分活跃且增速较快,技术转移的路径依赖和马太效应明显;③长三角城市群技术转移的空间模式演变经历了孤立离散阶段、单中心集聚阶段、单中心集散阶段和多中心集散阶段。技术转移活动从遵循扩展扩散到遵循等级扩散、扩展扩散最终到遵循等级扩散、扩展扩散和跳跃扩散。目前,围绕核心城市的技术转移大通道逐渐固化,而边缘地区开始出现次区域的单中心集聚结构,它拥有区域技术转移空间模式的第二阶段特征。文章最后就如何提升技术转移能力、推进区域一体化给出了一些对策建议。

Exploring the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of regional technology transfer is an important topic in economic geography.Based on patent transfer data during 2005-2015,this paper uses social network and geospatial analysis method to depict the pattern of technology transfer in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.What’s more,the spatial pattern evolution of technology transfer is abstractly summarized.The research finds that:(1) the technology transfer network of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is increasingly compact and closed,the technology transfer accords with the law of hierarchical transfer as well as adjacent transfer;(2) The transfer channel is gradually formed the "Z" pattern with Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou as its key nodes,and expand to northern Jiangsu province and southern Zhejiang Province.The technology transfer between Shanghai,Suzhou,Nanjing,Hangzhou,Ningbo and other core cities are very active and growing fast,the path dependence and the Matthew effect is obvious;(3) The spatial pattern of technology transfer in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has experienced the isolated discrete stage,the single center gathering stage,the single center gathering and distributing stage and the multi-central gathering and distributing phase.Technology transfer spatial models change from expanding diffusion to hierarchical diffusion and expanding diffusion,and finally to follow the law of hierarchical diffusion,expanding diffusion and jumping diffusion.At present,the main channel of technology transfer around the core city has already solidified,while the marginal region begins to appear the single center gathering configuration in the sub-region.Finally,this paper gives some suggestions on how to enhance the capability of technology transfer and realize regional integration.