文学批评的慧眼与英诗经典的修正

The Insight of Literary Criticism and the Correctionof the Classical English Poetry

20世纪著名诗人兼批评家T.S.艾略特对前辈诗人德莱顿、赫伯特、但丁、波德莱尔等的重新评价,特别是对17世纪玄学派诗歌的发掘,属于世界文学经典成长进程中天才式的批评家穿透历史尘封的慧眼发掘。他以崭新的文学理念和批评方式帮人们重新找回或认识了一整群的作家,一反时代潮流地重新估价英国诗史的主要时期和代表人物,重识诗歌的“典型传统”和“经典品质”;他不但开创了一代批评风气,还直接促成了英诗经典的修正与玄学诗派的新生。T.S.艾略特的创作和评论可谓承前启后,大大拓展了英美现代派文学创作,其“非人格化”等诗歌批评理论对于现代文学本体论批评观念的确立具有先导作用,并影响了整个西方文坛进而延及世界领域。

T.S.Eliot,a famous poet and literary critic in the 20th century,re-evaluated his predecessors,such as Dryden,Herbert,Dante and Baudelaire,etc.,and especially explored the metaphysical poetry in the 17th century,which was his brilliant insight of gifted critics penetrating the dust of history in the growth process of world literary classics.With his brand-new literary ideas and critical methods,he made people find or re-recognize a whole group of writers,reappraised the main periods and representative figures in the history of English poetry against the trend of the times,and re-recognize the“typical tradition”and“classic quality”of poetry.He not only initiated a generation of criticism,but also directly contributed to the revision of English poetry classics and the rebirth of metaphysical poetry.T.S.Eliot’s creation and criticism have played a role of connecting the past and the future,broadening British and American modernist literature creation.His poetic criticism theories such as“impersonalization”played a leading role in the establishment of modern literary ontological criticism,and influenced the whole western literary world,and then extended to the world.