我院ABO血型和Rh血型的分布及其对临床输血的价值

Distribution of ABO blood type and Rh blood type in Yunfu People's Hospital and its value to clinical blood transfusion

目的了解云浮市ABO血型和Rh血型的分布,并探讨其对临床输血的价值。方法通过对云浮市人民医院输血科2017年7月至2020年7月间4138例ABO血型鉴定结果和130例Rh血型分型结果进行调查,分析ABO血型的检测结果及其与年龄、性别是否存在关系,并分析Rh血型分型的检测结果及其与ABO血型是否存在关系。结果ABO血型分布:O型1913例(46.23%)>A型1033例(24.96%)>B型973例(23.51%)>AB型219例(5.29%),不同年龄段(0~20岁、21~40岁、41~60岁、大于61岁)患者ABO血型分类构成比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Rh血型表型分布:CCee(51.54%)>CcEe(25.38%)>Ccee(15.38%)>ccEe(3.85%)>ccEE(2.31%)>CcEE(1.54%)。ABO血型与Rh血型分型无关联性,Rh抗原的分布频率是e^(+)(97.69%)>C^(+)(94.62%)>c^(+)(49.23%)>E^(+)(33.08%)。结论云浮地区人群ABO血型分布、Rh血型系统的分布符合我国南方地区的特征,可以对此采取有针对性的措施制定用血计划和配备紧急用血,做到红细胞Rh血型同型输注,避免患者产生对Rh血型系统的抗体。

Objective To understand the distribution of ABO blood type and Rh blood type in Yunfu City,and to explore its value for clinical blood transfusion.Methods Through the investigation of 4138 cases of ABO blood type detection and 130 cases of Rh blood type typing between July 2017 and July 2020 in Department of Blood Transfusion of Yunfu People's Hospital,the results of ABO blood type detection and their relationship with age and sex were analyzed,and the results of Rh blood type typing and their relationship with ABO blood type were analyzed.Results ABO blood type distribution:1913 cases of O type(46.23%)>1033 cases of type A(24.96%)>973 cases of type B(23.51%)>219 cases of type AB(5.29%).There was no significant difference in the composition of the ABO blood type classification of patients of different age groups(0 to 20 years,21 to 40 years,41 to 60 years,>61 years),all P>0.05.The distribution of Rh blood group phenotype:CCee(51.54%)>CcEe(25.38%)>Ccee(15.38%)>ccEe(3.85%)>ccEE(2.31%)>CcEE(1.54%).There was no correlation between ABO blood type and Rh blood type,and the distribution frequency of Rh antigen was e^(+)(97.69%)>C^(+)(94.62%)>c^(+)(49.23%)>E^(+)(33.08%).Conclusion The distribution of ABO blood type and Rh blood type system of the local population are in line with the characteristics of the southern region of China.Targeted measures can be taken to formulate blood use plans and emergency blood use,so as to achieve the same type of red blood cell Rh blood type transfusion and avoid the patients to produce antibodies to the Rh blood group system.