不同水稻秸秆添加桉树原油对水牛瘤胃发酵、微生物及营养物质消化率的影响

Effects of different rice straw with eucalyptus crude oil on rumen fermentation microorganism and nutrient digestibility of buffalo

文章旨在评估不同水稻秸秆类型及添加桉树原油对水牛采食量、瘤胃发酵、养分表观消化率及瘤胃微生物数量的影响。试验采用4×4拉丁方设计,将4头带有瘤胃瘘管的水牛按2×2阶乘法随机分配到4组。试验因子为两种水稻秸秆(普通水稻秸秆和尿素处理水稻秸秆)及添加或不添加桉树原油。结果:尿素处理水稻秸秆添加桉树油较其他组显著提高了水牛干物质和粗饲料摄入量(P<0.05),与未处理的水稻秸秆相比,无论是否添加桉树油,尿素处理水稻秸秆使中性洗涤纤维消化率显著提高14.29%(P<0.05)。尿素处理秸秆组瘤胃氨氮浓度显著高于水稻秸秆组(P<0.05),尿素处理水稻秸秆组氮摄入量和粪氮排泄量较水稻秸秆组分别提高108.44%和84.78%(P<0.05),同时氮吸收和氮沉积量分别提高130.52%和158.50%(P<0.05),而尿囊素吸收、尿囊素排泄及微生物蛋白合成量分别显著提高19.96%、56.45%和57.47%(P<0.05)。尿素处理水稻秸秆添加桉树油较水稻秸秆组(不加桉树油)微生物氮合成效率显著提高42.50%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,日粮补充2 mL/d桉树油可以作为瘤胃发酵及微生物的调控剂,具有提高微生物蛋白合成,降低甲烷生成的潜力。

The purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of different types of rice straw and eucalyptus crude oil on food intake,rumen fermentation,nutrient apparent digestibility and rumen microbial population of buffaloes.Four buffaloes with rumen fistulas were randomly assigned to four groups by 2×2 factorial.The test factors were two kinds of rice straw(common rice straw and urea treated rice straw)and eucalyptus crude oil added or not added.Results:Compared with the other groups,the intake of dry matter and roughage of water buffalo was significantly increased by adding eucalyptus oil to the rice straw treated with urea(P<0.05).Compared with the untreated rice straw,the digestibility of neutral washing fiber was significantly increased by 14.29%(P<0.05)with or without the addition of eucalyptus oil.Urea treatment group had a significantly higher rumen ammonia-n concentrations of straw,rice straw group(P<0.05),urea treatment group rice straw nitrogen intake and fecal excretion from rice straw group increased by 108.44%and 84.78%respectively(P<0.05),at the same time,nitrogen absorption and nitrogen deposition volume increased by 130.52%and 158.50%respectively(P<0.05),while allantoin absorption,excretion and microbial protein synthesis of allantoin volume increased by 19.96%,56.45%and 57.47%respectively(P<0.05).The microbial nitrogen synthesis efficiency of rice straw treated by urea with eucalyptus oil was 42.50%higher than that of rice straw group(without eucalyptus oil)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Under the conditions of this experiment,dietary supplementation of 2 mL/d eucalyptus oil could be used as a regulatory agent for rumen fermentation and microorganisms,with the potential to improve microbial protein synthesis and reduce methane production.